Maternal weight gain: Effect on infant birth weight among overweight and average-weight low-income women

Frentzen, Barbara; Dimperio, Diane; Cruz, Amelia C.

doi:10.1016/0002-9378(88)90424-3

Cited by 42 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…In human pregnancy, maternal weight gain affects birth weight only under certain condi tions [23][24][25]. Such an effect was not found with our macaques, probably because most of them were overfed at all times.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

Assessment of Factors Responsible for Variability of Birth Weight in the Long-Tailed Macaque (Macaca fascicularis)

Dang

Chaouat²,

Delmas³

et al. 1992

IJFP

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

Assessment of Factors Responsible for Variability of Birth Weight in the Long-Tailed Macaque (Macaca fascicularis)

Dang

Chaouat²,

Delmas³

et al. 1992

IJFP

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“…Further body dimensions included: head circumference, height, thoracic circumference, jaw circumference, crown rump length, body length and inside leg length, and were measured within 24 h of birth (64) . Ponderal index was also calculated (birth weight (kg)/height (cm) £ 100) 3 . Results showed that lambs born to the ewes given propylene glycol had significantly heavier birth weights (P¼0·032), ponderal index (P¼0·043) and plasma glucose levels (P¼0·001), and they reached the same carcass weight at an earlier age (P¼0·039) compared to lambs born to control ewes (64) .…”

Section: The Impact Of the Glycaemic Index In Pregnancymentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of maternal glycaemia and dietary glycaemic index on pregnancy outcome in healthy mothers

McGowan

McAuliffe

2010

Br J Nutr

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Infant birth weight has increased in Ireland in recent years along with levels of childhood overweight and obesity. The present article reviews the current literature on maternal glycaemia and the role of the dietary glycaemic index (GI) and its impact on pregnancy outcomes. It is known that maternal weight and weight gain significantly influence infant birth weight. Fetal macrosomia (birth weight >4000 g) is associated with an increased risk of perinatal trauma to both mother and infant. Furthermore, macrosomic infants have greater risk of being obese in childhood, adolescence and adulthood compared to normal-sized infants. There is evidence that there is a direct relationship between maternal blood glucose levels during pregnancy and fetal growth and size at birth, even when maternal blood glucose levels are within their normal range. Thus, maintaining blood glucose concentrations within normal parameters during pregnancy may reduce the incidence of fetal macrosomia. Maternal diet, and particularly its carbohydrate (CHO) type and content, influences maternal blood glucose concentrations. However, different CHO foods produce different glycaemic responses. The GI was conceived by Jenkins in 1981 as a method for assessing the glycaemic responses of different CHO. Data from clinical studies in healthy pregnant women have documented that consuming a low-GI diet during pregnancy reduces peaks in postprandial glucose levels and normalises infant birth weight. Pregnancy is a physiological condition where the GI may be of particular relevance as glucose is the primary fuel for fetal growth.

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“…14 In 2009, the IOM released revised guidelines with specified weight-gain thresholds related to prepregnancy body-mass index (BMI). 15 Although reduced compliance with the IOM-stipulated weightgain targets has resulted in higher rates of fetal macrosomia in non-diabetic women, 7,[15][16][17][18][19] adherence to the guidelines has been shown to actually reduce the risk for GDM itself. 13,[20][21][22] However, among women with GDM, the relationships between maternal weight, weight gain and fetal macrosomia remain unclear.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pre-pregnancy weight and excess weight gain are risk factors for macrosomia in women with gestational diabetes

et al. 2011

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Objective: To determine whether women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) whose weight gain exceeded the 2009 Institute of Medicine (IOM) recommendations were more likely to have macrosomia.Study Design: Retrospective cohort study of the association of weight gain in women with Class A1 GDM, with term (X37 weeks) singleton liveborns and macrosomia (birthweight X4000 g). Multivariate logistic regression models were used to adjust for covariates and test for interactions.Result: Of 1502 women studied, pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) categories were: normal (39.6%), overweight (28.5%) and obese (31.9%). The mean ( ± standard deviation ) weight gain (lbs) for these groups was: 27.6±10.9, 24.2±13.0 and 18.8±16.3 (P<0.0001), whereas the occurrence of macrosomia was 7.4, 11.4 and 19.0%, respectively. Women with an obese BMI were twice as likely to have a macrosomic infant compared with women in the normal BMI group (odds ratio, OR 2.0; 95% CI 1.4-3.0; P ¼ 0.0005). Independently, women who exceeded the IOM guidelines were three times more likely to have a macrosomic infant (OR 3.0, 95% CI 2.2-4.2, P<0.0001).Conclusion: Maternal pre-pregnancy weight and weight gain during pregnancy appear to be significant and independent risk factors for macrosomia in women with GDM.

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Maternal weight gain: Effect on infant birth weight among overweight and average-weight low-income women

Cited by 42 publications

References 4 publications

Assessment of Factors Responsible for Variability of Birth Weight in the Long-Tailed Macaque (Macaca fascicularis)

Assessment of Factors Responsible for Variability of Birth Weight in the Long-Tailed Macaque (Macaca fascicularis)

The influence of maternal glycaemia and dietary glycaemic index on pregnancy outcome in healthy mothers

Pre-pregnancy weight and excess weight gain are risk factors for macrosomia in women with gestational diabetes

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