Maternal vitamin D status during pregnancy and body composition and cardiovascular risk markers in Indian children: the Mysore Parthenon Study

Krishnaveni, Ghattu V.; Veena, Sargoor R.; Winder, Nicola; Hill, Jacqueline C.; Noonan, Kate; Boucher, Barbara J.; Karat, Samuel C; Fall, Caroline

doi:10.3945/ajcn.110.003921

Cited by 123 publications

(163 citation statements)

References 42 publications

(49 reference statements)

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“…The winter hypothesis suggests that a cold temperature and fewer hours of sunshine during pregnancy signals a need for energy accrual and storage in the fetus, which will become programmed and last for life [14]. A study into vitamin D status during pregnancy and offspring risk of type 2 diabetes suggested a protective effect of vitamin D, which might be reflected in the seasonal analysis [15]. Infections during pregnancy are suspected to alter metabolic programming and might therefore influence the risk of type 2 diabetes [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

No evidence of seasonality of birth in adult type 2 diabetes in Denmark

et al. 2015

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Aims/hypothesis The season of birth might influence prenatal circumstances, which may influence the risk of developing type 2 diabetes. The aim of this study was to determine whether the diagnosis of type 2 diabetes in Denmark changed with the season of birth. Methods This study used data from the population-based Copenhagen School Health Records Register (CSHRR) that includes schoolchildren born between 1930 and 1989. Via a personal identification number, the CSHRR was linked to the National Patient Register containing hospital discharge diagnoses since 1977. The effect of seasonal variation in birth on the risk of type 2 diabetes was assessed using Cox regression, with month or season of birth as the predictor. The underlying time variable was age, and follow-up started in 1977 or at age 30 years.Results The study population consisted of 223,099 people, of whom 12,486 developed adult type 2 diabetes. Using January as the reference month, the risk of type 2 diabetes by month of birth was not statistically different for any of the 11 comparative birth months. Grouping month of birth into seasons (spring was the reference) gave essentially similar results, showing no difference in the risk of type 2 diabetes for any season. Repeating the analysis by sex, birth cohort and birthweight categories revealed no associations. Conclusions/interpretation The risk of adult type 2 diabetes was not associated with month of birth in a large Danish population-based study. The results suggest that the causes of seasonality in birthweight are not causes of type 2 diabetes.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

No evidence of seasonality of birth in adult type 2 diabetes in Denmark

et al. 2015

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“…In a longitudinal study, it has been reported that children at 9.5 years of age born to vitamin D-deficient (serum 25[OH]D concentration <50 nmol/L) mothers (n ¼ 379) had significantly smaller armmuscle area in comparison with children born to mothers without deficiency (n ¼ 189). 132 Moreover, several studies propose low vitamin D concentrations during prenatal or early life development as a cause of a greater risk of later development of multiple sclerosis, cancer, insulin dependent diabetes mellitus, and schizophrenia. 114 There is growing evidence that in rodents vitamin D deficiency during pregnancy may disrupt fetal brain development and may lead to persistent changes in the adult brain.…”

Section: Fetal and Infant Outcomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Micronutrients in pregnancy: Current knowledge and unresolved questions

et al. 2011

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One-carbon metabolism Pregnancy Liposoluble vitamins Minerals s u m m a r yMicronutrient status is increasingly recognized to play an important role in the health and well-being of pregnant women and in the development and long-term health of the offspring. On 26th e 28th February 2009, The Child Health Foundation invited leading experts in this area to a scientific workshop at Obergurgl, Austria to review and critically discuss current knowledge, to identify issues that may need to be addressed in future recommendations, and to highlight priorities and opportunities for future research. This report summarizes updated key conclusions of the workshop with regards to micronutrients' intake and physiological role related to mother, placenta and fetus, as well as relevance for adverse pregnancy and long-term outcomes.

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“…However, the role of vitamin D during pregnancy is not clearly defi ned [41,42]. Vitamin D defi ciency in pregnancy has been associated with a spectrum of adverse pregnancy and birth outcomes [43], including gestational diabetes [44], preeclampsia [43] preterm birth [45] as well as cardio-metabolic risks [46]. Little is known about vitamin D status in Indian pregnant women and whatever literature is available is not very consistent.…”

Section: Vitamin D Status Of Pregnant Womenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Poor Vitamin D Status in Healthy Populations in India: A Review of Current Evidence

Kumar

Chugh

Eggersdorfer

2015

International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research

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Vitamin D defi ciency is associated with rickets in children, with osteoporosis in the elderly, is thought to increase the risk of certain cancers and of cardiovascular diseases, and may have an impact on many other health conditions. Asians are reported to have a poor vitamin D status despite adequate sunshine in their regions. Data on the extent of vitamin D defi ciency at the population level from most Asian countries, including India, are limited. Part of the reason for paucity regarding vitamin D status is the absence of clear recommendations on optimal vitamin D intakes and status, as well as clear consensus on the cut-offs for defi ciency. With a large country covering several latitudes, ethnicities, cultures, traditions, and attitudes, the current data on vitamin D status in India is inadequate and classifi ed in different ways, making interpretation diffi cult, and is unrepresentative as it comes only from four states, with about half the data from Delhi. Poor vitamin D status is almost universally reported across all age groups with as many as 95.7 % neonates, 75 % adults and 67 % pregnant women having serum 25 hydroxy vitamin D levels < 50 nmol/L (defi cient). Children and adults exposed to sunlight, living in rural or less polluted areas have been reported to have a better vitamin D status, especially in summer months. Lack of conclusive information emphasizes the need for state-specifi c data on the vitamin D status and the extent of sun exposure to issue recommendations for vitamin D intake in the country.

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Maternal vitamin D status during pregnancy and body composition and cardiovascular risk markers in Indian children: the Mysore Parthenon Study

Abstract: Intrauterine exposure to low 25(OH)D concentrations is associated with less muscle mass and higher insulin resistance in children.

Cited by 123 publications

References 42 publications

No evidence of seasonality of birth in adult type 2 diabetes in Denmark

No evidence of seasonality of birth in adult type 2 diabetes in Denmark

Micronutrients in pregnancy: Current knowledge and unresolved questions

Poor Vitamin D Status in Healthy Populations in India: A Review of Current Evidence

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