Maternal Separation Does Not Produce a Significant Behavioral Change in Mice

Tan, Siong Kiat; Ho, Hin San; Song, Anna; Low, Joey; Je, H. Shawn

doi:10.5607/en.2017.26.6.390

Cited by 33 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Increased anxiety-like behavior and activity levels were also seen in MSEW adult male mice of a recent study (Murthy et al, 2019). However, postnatal maternal separation (MS) demonstrated no clear and consistent effects on behavioral phenotypes in a variety of strains of mice in the other studies (Millstein and Holmes, 2007;Tan et al, 2017). Taken together, the results of present study and previous ones demonstrate that the MSEW mice and rats can be used as a robust model to mimic early life neglect and abuse in humans.…”

Section: Msew Inhibits Ols Maturation and Myelination In Pfc Of Rats:supporting

confidence: 41%

Neuron-glia Integrity: Functional Assessment, Molecular Underpinnings, and Implication for Higher Brain Functions

Zeng

Zhang

Wang³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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We developed a theory of neuron-glia integrity to underline the fact that neurons and glia cells work together in the central nervous system. Here we substantiated this theory and exemplified the implication of intact neuron-glia integrity for higher brainfunctions. An animal model of maternal separation with early weaning (MSEW) was applied to neonatal rats to mimic early life neglect and abuse in humans. Behavioral performance of rats was evaluated at adulthood, followed by functional assessments of neuron-glia integrity in living rats, and the demonstration of molecular underpinnings of impaired neuron-glia integrity in MSEW rats. MSEW rats showed higher levels of anxiety and explorative activity, higher glutamate level, but lower GABA level in PFC and hippocampus. MSEW procedure down-regulated protein levels of GLT-1 and ATP-α, but up-regulated GAD65 and GS, while had no effects on GLAST and PAG. Moreover, it reduced the fractional anisotropy values in various brain regions, in addition to increasing NAA levels. Concurrently, MSEW led to hypomyelination in PFC as evidenced by relevant cellular and molecular changes.

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Section: Msew Inhibits Ols Maturation and Myelination In Pfc Of Rats:supporting

confidence: 41%

Neuron-glia Integrity: Functional Assessment, Molecular Underpinnings, and Implication for Higher Brain Functions

Zeng

Zhang

Wang³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…In one study, eight different strains of mice were used to examine the effect of MS in adults, and it was found the typic protocol of MS that pups were separated from their dams for 3 hr per day from P0-P13 did not significantly affect the anxiety and depressive level in all strains (Millstein & Holmes, 2007). Another work studied two protocols of MS, one separating pups from their dams from P2 to P14, 3 hr per day, and another using the same protocol of MS but with increasing hours of separation plus an early weaning at P17, showed that both protocols had no significant effect on anxiety-related and depression-like behaviors in adults (Tan, Ho, Song, Low, & Je, 2017). These results are in contrast with many other studies using a variety of MS protocols in mice showing the effect of MS on anxiety-related and depression-like behaviors in adulthood (Lesse, Rether, Gröger, Braun, & Bock, 2017;Romeo et al, 2003;Tchenio et al, 2017).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of early life stress on anxiety and depressive behaviors in adolescent mice

Chen

Wang

et al. 2020

Brain and Behavior

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Introduction Adolescence is a critical period for physical and mental development. The effect of early life stress on mood disorders has been intensively studied in adults using rodent models, but it has been less studied in adolescents. The present study aimed to examine the effect of early life stress on anxiety‐related and depression‐like behaviors in adolescent C57BL/6 mice and the sex difference. Methods C57BL/6 mice of both sexes were used, and early life stressors included maternal separation (MS, P2‐12, 4 hr per day), restraint stress (RS, P33 to 39, 4 hr per day), and their combination (MRS). Open field test, elevated plus maze, and forced swimming test were performed at different time points during adolescence and adulthood. Results It was found that MS did not affect the anxiety‐related behaviors of both males and females tested on P30‐31 and P41‐42. RS decreased the anxiety level in adolescent males but did not affect it in the females. MS, RS, and MRS all significantly increased the depression‐like behavior in adolescent males, but only MRS increased the depression‐like behavior in adolescent females. All effects on adolescent males and females did not persist into adulthood. Conclusion The present results showed that early life stress affected anxiety‐related and depression‐like behavior in adolescent mice in manners depending on the nature of stress, the developmental period, and sex.

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“…Both of these approaches mimic the “dose-response” or “cumulative” stress links to mental illness that have been described in humans. However, like the other rodent models of ELS, data from these two-hit models need to be interpreted with caution as null effects have also been reported (Santarelli et al, 2017 ; Tan et al, 2017 ).…”

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confidence: 99%