Maternal-Related Predictors of Self-Regulation Among Low-Income Youth

Crossley, Isabelle A.; Buckner, John C.

doi:10.1007/s10826-011-9465-0

Cited by 25 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…These results are consistent with previous research showing parenting behaviors and family functioning are related to child self-regulation 10,11,12 and impulsivity. 13 These results support family systems theories on the role of parenting and family functioning in shaping child characteristics.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Others have focused on selective dimensions such as sensitive responding and involvement, 10,11,12 limit setting and discipline 14 or control 13 and have focused on younger aged children. Our measure simultaneously captures these domains along with additional domains that are targets of family-based therapeutic approaches shown to decrease impulsive displays of behavior 35 and we include children in their preadolescent years.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, high levels of parental support and positive affect are related to increased child self-regulation 10,11,12 and decreased impulsivity. 13 Age-appropriate limit setting and discipline 14 and control 13 are also related to lower levels of impulsivity.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Family Functioning as a Mediator of Relations Between Family History of Substance Use Disorder and Impulsivity

Ryan

Friedman

Liang

et al. 2016

Addictive Disorders &Amp; Their Treatment

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Impulsivity is strongly related to the development of adolescent substance use. Therefore, understanding factors that influence impulsive characteristics is important for the development of prevention and intervention programs. Intervention and prevention programs focused on factors that influence impulsive characteristics are especially important for those at particularly high risk for the expression of impulsivity - those with a family history of substance use disorder. A factor of particular interest is family functioning. Aim To examine family functioning as a mediator of relations between having a family history of substance use disorder and impulsivity. Methods Participants included a majority Hispanic sample of pre-adolescent boys and girls (mean age 10.99, SD = .84) recruited from the community who did (FH+) and did not (FH−) have a family history of substance use disorder. FH status and the quality of family functioning were compared at the initial visit with impulsiveness assessed a year later. Results Results showed FH+ children had worse family functioning; worse family functioning was related to higher levels of impulsivity, and higher levels of impulsivity among FH+ children were due to the influence of family functioning on levels of impulsivity. In other words, family functioning mediated relations between having a family history of substance use disorder and impulsivity. Conclusion These results indicate that higher levels of impulsivity in FH+ children are due in part to worse family functioning.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Family Functioning as a Mediator of Relations Between Family History of Substance Use Disorder and Impulsivity

Ryan

Friedman

Liang

et al. 2016

Addictive Disorders &Amp; Their Treatment

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“…However, few studies have examined the specific aspects of the family context related to the experience of poverty that may affect the development of SR. Studies explicitly examining mediators of the income-SR relationship identified parenting quality, 14 housing conditions (crowding, safety and noise), 14,15 and lack of daily routine 15 as important factors linking income to child SR capabilities. Parental factors well known to be correlated with family income, such as parental mental health 16,17 and parenting style, 16,17 are also frequently linked to child SR ability. The role of broader socioeconomic indicators such as maternal education 16,18,19 and minority status, 18,19 in child SR has also been evaluated.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Parental factors well known to be correlated with family income, such as parental mental health 16,17 and parenting style, 16,17 are also frequently linked to child SR ability. The role of broader socioeconomic indicators such as maternal education 16,18,19 and minority status, 18,19 in child SR has also been evaluated. These factors, however, have not been found to consistently correlate with child SR – perhaps because their effects, if any, are likely to operate through other mediating pathways.…”

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confidence: 99%

Income, Family Context, and Self-Regulation in 5-Year-Old Children

Riis

Ghazarian

et al. 2017

J Dev Behav Pediatr

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Objective Self-regulation (SR) is a core aspect of child development with enduring effects on health and wellbeing across the lifespan. Early childhood poverty may shape SR development. This study examined the cross-sectional relations among family income, family context and SR in five-year-old children. Method 140 five-year-old children and their mothers participated in the study. Children completed a battery of SR tasks; mothers completed questionnaires. Cognitive and emotional SR composite scores were generated based on a principal component analysis of the SR tasks. SR scores were first regressed on family income (in 10 levels ranging from <5,000 to 150,000+) adjusting for age, sex and race of the child; family context variables were subsequently added to the models. Results Controlling for age, sex and race, each level increase in family income was associated with 0.04 standard deviation (SD) increase in emotional SR (p=0.32) and 0.08 SD increase in cognitive SR (p=0.01). In fully adjusted models, exposure to household instability and experiencing 10 or more negative life events was associated with worse emotional SR; exposure to mother’s depressive symptoms was associated with worse cognitive SR. Higher income buffered children’s SR from some contextual risk factors. Family contextual variables explained 62% of the correlation between higher income and better cognitive SR scores. Conclusions Income-based cognitive SR disparities were associated with family contextual factors. Screening for family adversity in pediatric care and linking families to needed resources may protect children’s developing SR capacities, with benefits to health and well-being.

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Resilience and Adversity

Luthar

Crossman

Small

2015

Handbook of Child Psychology and Developmental Science

165

192

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positive adaptation. As noted at the outset of this chapter, resilience is a phenomenon or process reflecting relatively positive adaptation despite significant adversity or trauma. Because it is a superordinate construct subsuming two distinct dimensions-adversity and positive adaptationresilience is never directly measured, but instead is indirectly inferred based on evidence of the two subsumed constructs.Adversity, in developmental science research on resilience, is defined in terms of statistical probabilities: A high-risk condition is one that carries high odds for measured maladjustment in critical domains. Exposure to maternal depression or community violence, for example, constitutes high risk because children experiencing each of these manifest significantly greater maladjustment than those who do not. Aside from discrete risk dimensions such as parent psychopathology, researchers have also examined composites of multiple risk indices, such as parents' low income and education, histories of mental illness, and disorganization in neighborhoods (Sameroff, Seifer, Zax, & Barocas, 1987). When risks such as these coexist (as they often do, in the real world), effects tend to be synergistic, with child outcomes being far poorer than when any of these risks exists in isolation.Positive adaptation, the second component in the construct of resilience, refers to adjustment that is much better than what would be expected, given exposure to the risk condition under study. In studies of resilience in childhood, this construct is most commonly operationalized in terms of behaviorally manifested social competence, or success at meeting stage-salient developmental tasks (Luthar, 2006;Masten & Tellegen, 2012). To illustrate, competence is often operationally defined in terms of observed secure attachment behaviors among young children, and in terms of positive relationships with peers and teachers, as well as good academic grades, among older children and adolescents.In addition to being developmentally appropriate, indicators used to operationalize "positive adaptation" must be of high conceptual relevance to the particular risk condition examined, in terms of both domains assessed, and stringency of criteria used. When communities carry many risks for antisocial problems, for example, it is logical to assess children's maintenance of socially conforming behaviors (Jain et al., 2012), whereas among offspring of depressed parents, the absence of depressive problems would be of special significance (Beardslee, Gladstone, & O'Connor, 2012). With regard to stringency of criteria, similarly, decisions must depend on the seriousness of the risks being studied. In research on children facing major traumas, it is appropriate to define risk-evasion in terms of the absence of serious psychopathology rather than excellence in everyday adaptation Rutter, 2012). Finally, positive child adaptation must be considered across multiple adjustment spheres; overly narrow foci on particular behaviors can be misleading in suggesting that ri...

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Maternal-Related Predictors of Self-Regulation Among Low-Income Youth

Cited by 25 publications

References 49 publications

Family Functioning as a Mediator of Relations Between Family History of Substance Use Disorder and Impulsivity

Family Functioning as a Mediator of Relations Between Family History of Substance Use Disorder and Impulsivity

Income, Family Context, and Self-Regulation in 5-Year-Old Children

Resilience and Adversity

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