Maternal polyunsaturated fatty acid concentrations during pregnancy and childhood liver fat accumulation

Wahab, Rama J.; Jaddoe, Vincent W. V.; Mezzoiuso, Angelo Giosué; Gaillard, Romy

doi:10.1016/j.clnu.2022.02.012

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…Maternal obesity associated with an abnormal profile of FAs, including elevated levels of SFAs and n-6 PUFAs, has been associated with alterations in the lipid metabolism in offspring in adulthood, suggesting that the origin of this phenomenon lies in an abnormal maternal-fetal transfer of FA due to alterations in maternal or placental lipid metabolism [27][28][29][30]. In the present study, an HFD increased the maternal intrahepatic fat content with a predominance of the total amount of SFA, MUFA, and n-6 PUFA levels, usually observed in subjects with NAFLD.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of a High-Fat Diet and Docosahexaenoic Acid during Pregnancy on Fatty Acid Composition in the Fetal Livers of Mice

Álvarez,

Ortiz,

Valdebenito

et al. 2023

Nutrients

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A high-fat diet (HFD) during pregnancy promotes fat accumulation and reduces docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) levels in the liver of the offspring at postnatal ages, which can depend on fetal sex. However, the prenatal mechanisms behind these associations are still unclear. Thus, we analyzed if an HFD alters DHA content and the expression of molecules related to fatty acid (FA) metabolism in the fetal liver. Female C57BL/6 mice were fed a control diet or HFD for 4–6 weeks before pregnancy until the gestational day (GD) 17.5. A subgroup of each diet received DHA (100 mg/Kg) orally from GD 6.5 until 16.5. On GD 17.5, maternal livers, placentas, and livers from male and female fetuses were collected for FA profiling with gas-chromatography and gene expression of molecules related to FA metabolism using qPCR. PPAR-α protein expression was evaluated using Western blot. The gene expression of placental FA transporters was also assessed. An HFD increased eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and decreased DHA levels and protein expression of PPAR-α in the fetal livers of both sexes. DHA increased the gene expression of Ppara, Cpt1, and Acsl1 in the livers of female fetuses. Therefore, an HFD reduces DHA levels and PPAR-α, a master regulator of gene expression, in the fetal liver. In turn, the livers of female fetuses seem to be more sensitive to DHA action.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of a High-Fat Diet and Docosahexaenoic Acid during Pregnancy on Fatty Acid Composition in the Fetal Livers of Mice

Álvarez,

Ortiz,

Valdebenito

et al. 2023

Nutrients

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“…In fact, maternal polyunsaturated fatty acids concentrations in pregnancy are essential for fetal lipid metabolism and adipocyte differentiation. Of note, a recent study has shown that maternal lower n−3 PUFA and higher n−6 PUFA concentrations in pregnancy are associated with offspring liver fat accumulation in childhood [92 ▪ ].…”

Section: Dietary Supplementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease in obese youth with insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes

Mastromauro

Polidori

Giannini

2022

Current Opinion in Pediatrics

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Purpose of reviewThe aim of this review is to present the new definition of the disease, defining the epidemiology, risk factors with a particular attention to the role of insulin resistance (IR) and to define the main treatments explored.Recent findingsNonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) was previously considered a primary liver disease, but it would be more correct to consider it a component of the metabolic syndrome (MetS) in which IR might play a key role. Based on these findings, it has been recently proposed to modify the classic term of NAFLD to metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) that better reflects the pathophysiology of this complex disease.SummaryCurrently, no treatments approved in childhood are available, thus the only recommended approach is the prevention and correction of the known risk factors, and particularly of IR. However, further studies are needed to better clarify the pathogenetic mechanisms of NAFLD in order to establish more tailored therapies.

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“…Figure 2 Oral supplementation of propionate, a short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) derived from gut microbiota, has been shown to prevent the increase in intrahepatic lipid compared to control groups [109], indicating potential improvement of NAFLD by gut bacterial metabolites. Furthermore, in a population-based cohort study of 2424 mother-child pairs, diet intervention involving maternal uptake of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids during gestation was associated with lower childhood liver fat and reduced risk of offspring NAFLD development in childhood [110]. A preclinical study has also indicated the potential of maternal gut microbiota-targeted therapy, such as the use of probiotic Lactobacillus reuteri or the metabolite butyrate, to ameliorate the programming of NAFLD induced by postnatal high-fat diet exposure [69].…”

Section: Therapeutic Interventionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Transgenerational Nutrition on Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Development: Interplay between Gut Microbiota, Epigenetics and Immunity

Tzeng,

Lee

2024

Nutrients

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Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has emerged as the most prevalent pediatric liver disorder, primarily attributed to dietary shifts in recent years. NAFLD is characterized by the accumulation of lipid species in hepatocytes, leading to liver inflammation that can progress to steatohepatitis, fibrosis, and cirrhosis. Risk factors contributing to NAFLD encompass genetic variations and metabolic disorders such as obesity, diabetes, and insulin resistance. Moreover, transgenerational influences, resulting in an imbalance of gut microbial composition, epigenetic modifications, and dysregulated hepatic immune responses in offspring, play a pivotal role in pediatric NAFLD development. Maternal nutrition shapes the profile of microbiota-derived metabolites in offspring, exerting significant influence on immune system regulation and the development of metabolic syndrome in offspring. In this review, we summarize recent evidence elucidating the intricate interplay between gut microbiota, epigenetics, and immunity in fetuses exposed to maternal nutrition, and its impact on the onset of NAFLD in offspring. Furthermore, potential therapeutic strategies targeting this network are also discussed.

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Maternal polyunsaturated fatty acid concentrations during pregnancy and childhood liver fat accumulation

Cited by 9 publications

References 64 publications

Effects of a High-Fat Diet and Docosahexaenoic Acid during Pregnancy on Fatty Acid Composition in the Fetal Livers of Mice

Effects of a High-Fat Diet and Docosahexaenoic Acid during Pregnancy on Fatty Acid Composition in the Fetal Livers of Mice

Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease in obese youth with insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes

Impact of Transgenerational Nutrition on Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Development: Interplay between Gut Microbiota, Epigenetics and Immunity

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