Maternal periodontitis and the causes of preterm birth: the case–control Epipap study

“…In recent years, several studies of periodontal disease in pregnancy have found that women with this condition have increased risks of intrauterine infections and preterm birth (Offenbacher et al 1996;Hill 1998;Jeffcoat, Geurs, Reddy, Cliver et al 2001;Khader and Ta'ani 2005;Nabet et al 2010;Riche et al 2002;Pizzo et al 2005). Interestingly, both live bacteria and bacterial products such as lipopolysaccharide can be found in the bloodstream of persons with periodontal disease following eating, routine oral hygiene and other periodontal procedures (Geerts et al 2002;Maestre et al 2008;Olsen 2008).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Discovery and characterization ofde novosialic acid biosynthesis in the phylumFusobacterium

Lewis¹,

Robinson²,

Agarwal³

et al. 2016

Glycobiology

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Sialic acids are nine-carbon backbone carbohydrates found in prominent outermost positions of glycosylated molecules in mammals. Mimicry of sialic acid (N-acetylneuraminic acid, Neu5Ac) enables some pathogenic bacteria to evade host defenses. Fusobacterium nucleatum is a ubiquitous oral bacterium also linked with invasive infections throughout the body. We employed multidisciplinary approaches to test predictions that F. nucleatum engages in de novo synthesis of sialic acids. Here we show that F. nucleatum sbsp. polymorphum ATCC10953 NeuB (putative Neu5Ac synthase) restores Neu5Ac synthesis to an Escherichia coli neuB mutant. Moreover, purified F. nucleatum NeuB participated in synthesis of Neu5Ac from N-acetylmannosamine and phosphoenolpyruvate in vitro. Further studies support the interpretation that F. nucleatum ATCC10953 NeuA encodes a functional CMP-sialic acid synthetase and suggest that it may also contain a C-terminal sialic acid O-acetylesterase. We also performed BLAST queries of F. nucleatum genomes, revealing that only 4/31 strains encode a complete pathway for de novo Neu5Ac synthesis. Biochemical studies including mass spectrometry were consistent with the bioinformatic predictions, showing that F. nucleatum ATCC10953 synthesizes high levels of Neu5Ac, whereas ATCC23726 and ATCC25586 do not express detectable levels above background. While there are a number of examples of sialic acid mimicry in other phyla, these experiments provide the first biochemical and genetic evidence that a member of the phylum Fusobacterium can engage in de novo Neu5Ac synthesis.

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“…Studies have suggested that periodontal disease is associated with premature birth and low birth weight of babies 16,17 . However, other studies have pointed out the absence of these associations 18,19 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the knowledge of pregnant women about the relationship between oral diseases and pregnancy complications

Catão

Gomes

Rodrigues

et al. 2015

Rev. odontol. UNESP

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Evaluation of the knowledge of pregnant women about the relationship between oral diseases and pregnancy complications ResumoIntrodução: Uma infecção crônica persistente de baixa intensidade na gestante, como a doença periodontal (DP), pode comprometer a unidade materno-fetal, já que o processo infeccioso induz a liberação de mediadores químicos envolvidos no processo de prematuridade. Objetivo: Avaliar o conhecimento das gestantes quanto à relação entre alterações bucais e intercorrências gestacionais. Método: Foi realizado um estudo epidemiológico de corte transversal, com 104 gestantes cadastradas no Sistema de Informação da Atenção Básica (SIAB), em Estratégias de Saúde da Família (ESF), empregando-se um questionário estruturado. Os dados foram registrados no SPSS e analisados por meio de estatística descritiva e inferencial, considerando-se um nível de significância de 5%. Resultado: A maioria das gestantes (64,4%) era doméstica, (48,1%) com idade entre 24 a 34 anos, (55,8%) apresentava o 2º grau completo e incompleto e (49%) era primípara. Dentre as participantes, 76% desconheciam a relação entre doença bucal, prematuridade e nascimento de bebês de baixo peso. Verificou-se associação estatisticamente significativa entre: escolaridade e o conhecimento sobre o pré-natal odontológico (p = 0,012), ao evidenciar que 90,4% ignoraram a existência desta atividade e 65,4% nunca haviam recebido informações sobre os cuidados de higiene bucal do bebê (p=0,003). Conclusão: A maioria das gestantes desconhecia a relação da DP com a prematuridade e apresentou carência de informações sobre os cuidados de higiene bucal materna e do bebê, evidenciando a necessidade de uma maior integração entre o Cirurgião-Dentista e os demais profissionais da atenção básica na propagação dos cuidados com a saúde bucal das gestantes para reduzir a relação da DP com as intercorrências gestacionais.Descritores: Gravidez; periodontite; trabalho de parto prematuro; atenção primária à saúde. AbstractIntroduction: Chronic persistent low-level infection in pregnant women, such as periodontal disease (PD) may impair maternal-fetal unit, since the infectious process induces the release of chemical mediators involved in the process of prematurity. Objective: To assess the knowledge of mothers as regards the relationship between oral diseases and pregnancy complications. Method: A cross-sectional epidemiological study was conducted with 104 pregnant women indexed in the Primary Care Information System (SIAB), in the Family Health Strategies (FHS), using a structured questionnaire. Data were recorded in SPSS and analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics, considering a significance level of 5%. Result: Most patients (64.4%) were domestic workers, (48.1%) aged 24 to 34 years, (55.8%) showed complete the 2nd grade and incomplete high school education, and (49%) were primiparous. Among the participants, 76% were unaware of the relationship between oral disease, prematurity and giving birth to low birth weight babies. Statistically significant a...

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Maternal periodontitis and the causes of preterm birth: the case–control Epipap study

Abstract: Maternal periodontitis is associated with an increased risk of induced preterm birth due to pre-eclampsia.

Cited by 94 publications

References 44 publications

The Association between Periodontal Disease and Preterm Low Birthweight in Kosovo

The Association between Periodontal Disease and Preterm Low Birthweight in Kosovo

Discovery and characterization ofde novosialic acid biosynthesis in the phylumFusobacterium

Evaluation of the knowledge of pregnant women about the relationship between oral diseases and pregnancy complications

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