Maternal Obesity and Perinatal Depression: An Updated Literature Review

Pavlik, Lauren; Rosculet, Katrina

doi:10.7759/cureus.10736

Cited by 12 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…To this end, a multivariate modelling approach was employed wherein the resultant crude model was adjusted for covariates. Six covariates were selected based on their availability and clinical importance to depression based on previous literature [ 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 ]. Covariates included pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI, kg/m 2 ), pre-pregnancy smoking status, maternal age, household income, mid-pregnancy perceived stress scores, and mid-pregnancy anxiety scores.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal Metabolites Indicative of Mental Health Status during Pregnancy

et al. 2022

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Approximately 25% of individuals report poor mental health during their pregnancy or postpartum period, which may impact fetal neurodevelopment, birth outcomes, and maternal behaviors. In the present study, maternal serum samples were collected from pregnancies at 28–32 weeks gestation from the All Our Families (Alberta, Canada) cohort and assessed using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-NMR) and inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Individuals with poor mental health at 34–36 weeks gestation were age-matched with mentally healthy pregnant controls. Metabolites were examined against validated self-reported mental health questionnaires for associations with depressive symptoms (Edinburgh Perinatal Depression Scale) and anxiety symptoms (Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory). 1H-NMR metabolites were identified for depression (alanine, leucine, valine, methionine, phenylalanine, glucose, lactate, 3-hydroxybutyrate, and pyruvate) and anxiety (3-hydroxybutyrate). For ICP-MS, antimony and zinc were significant for depression and anxiety, respectively. Upon false discovery rate (FDR) correction at 10%, five 1H-NMR metabolites (alanine, leucine, lactate, glucose, and phenylalanine) for depression remained significantly increased. Although results warrant further validation, the identified metabolites may serve as a predictive tool for assessing mental health during pregnancy as earlier identification has the potential to aid intervention and management of poor mental health symptomology, thus avoiding harmful consequences to both mother and offspring.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal Metabolites Indicative of Mental Health Status during Pregnancy

et al. 2022

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“…Among putative mechanisms involved in the association between obesity and perinatal depression (PD), the alteration of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, observed in both obesity and depression, the increase of circulating glucocorticoids, higher levels of inflammation with related serum markers (including specific cytokines), oxidative stress, microbiome and psychological issues related to the changes of body-images, are widely discussed in the literature [6][7][8]. Pavlik and Rosculet [9], in their updated review of literature, discussed that overall evidences from studies conducted within 2020 have shown that obesity in association with its comorbidity may have a possible impact on the development of perinatal depressive symptoms: they reported findings from 5 studies confirming association between obesity and PD and 2 concluding there may be an impact of obesity on the general outcome of pregnancy but not on depressive maternal symptoms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of body mass index on the pregnancy outcomes and risk of perinatal depression: Findings from a multicenter Italian study

et al. 2023

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Background Body Mass Index (BMI) is an informative factor on body fatness which has been associated to higher levels of Perinatal Depression (PD) and complications during pregnancy. We aimed to explore the impact of pre-pregnancy and postnatal BMI on the risk of Perinatal Depression and pregnancy outcomes among women recruited at their third trimester of pregnancy. Methods We report on findings from a large multi-centre study conducted in the South of Italy and involving 1611 women accessing three urban gynaecological departments from July to November 2020. Pregnant women were assessed at their third trimester of pregnancy (T0) and after the childbirth (T1) ;The Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) has been employed for the screening of PD over time (T0 and T1) as well as other standardized measures for neuroticism, resilience, and quality of life at baseline. BMI (T0 and T1) and other socio-demographic and clinical characteristics have been collected. Results Over-weight and obesity (higher levels of BMI) were associated with higher risk of PD (higher scores of EPDS), higher neuroticism and poorer subjective psychological well-being among enrolled women. Also, obesity and over-weight were associated with lower education, higher number of physical comorbidities, medical treatments and complications during pregnancy. Conclusions Over-weight and obesity may impact on mental health and pregnancy outcome of women enrolled. Psycho-educational interventions aimed to improve the management of physical and emotional issues may reduce the risk of PD and complications during pregnancy.

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“…Maternal obesity is also associated with problems initiating breastfeeding, with decreased suckling-induced secretion of prolactin, the key hormone required for milk production, and, on average, a shorter duration of breastfeeding. [5][6][7][8] Furthermore, women with maternal obesity have an increased incidence of postpartum depression, 9,10 which is well known to negatively impact on mother-child bonding. Longterm effects of maternal obesity include increased risk of dysregulation of metabolic and cardiovascular function in offspring.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High fat diet‐induced maternal obesity in mice impairs peripartum maternal behaviour

Brown,

Jacobs,

Khant Aung

et al. 2023

J Neuroendocrinology

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Obesity during pregnancy represents a significant health issue and can lead to increased complications during pregnancy and impairments with breastfeeding, along with long‐term negative health consequences for both mother and offspring. In rodent models, diet‐induced obesity (DIO) during pregnancy leads to poor outcomes for offspring. Using a DIO mouse model, consisting of feeding mice a high fat diet for 8 weeks before mating, we recapitulate the effect of high pup mortality within the first 3 days postpartum. To examine the activity of the dam around the time of birth, late pregnant control and DIO dams were recorded in their home cages and the behaviour of the dam immediately before and after birth was analysed. Prior to giving birth, DIO dams spent less time engaging in nesting behaviour, while after birth, DIO dams spent less time in the nest with their pups compared to control dams, indicating reduced pup‐engagement in the early postpartum period. We have previously reported that lactogenic hormone action, mediated by the prolactin receptor, in the medial preoptic area of the hypothalamus (MPOA) is critical for the onset of normal postpartum maternal behaviour. We hypothesized that DIO dams may have lower lactogenic hormone activity during late pregnancy, which would contribute to impaired onset of normal postpartum maternal behaviour. Day 16 lactogenic activity, transport of prolactin into the brain, and plasma prolactin concentrations around birth were all similar in control and DIO dams. Moreover, endogenous pSTAT5, a marker of prolactin receptor activity, in the MPOA was unaffected by DIO. Overall, these data indicate that lactogenic activity in late pregnancy of DIO dams is not different to controls and is unlikely to play a major role in impaired onset of normal postpartum maternal behaviour.

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Maternal Obesity and Perinatal Depression: An Updated Literature Review

Cited by 12 publications

References 27 publications

Maternal Metabolites Indicative of Mental Health Status during Pregnancy

Maternal Metabolites Indicative of Mental Health Status during Pregnancy

The impact of body mass index on the pregnancy outcomes and risk of perinatal depression: Findings from a multicenter Italian study

High fat diet‐induced maternal obesity in mice impairs peripartum maternal behaviour

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