Maternal Nutrition, Body Composition and Gestational Weight Gain on Low Birth Weight and Small for Gestational Age—A Cohort Study in an Indian Urban Slum

Mamidi, Raja Sriswan; Banjara, Santosh Kumar; Manchala, Sridevi; Babu, Ch Khadar; Geddam, J. J. Babu; Boiroju, Naveen Kumar; Bhaskar, V. Vijaya; Neeraja, G.; Reddy, G. Venkat Raji; Ramalakshmi, B. A.; Hemalatha, R.; Meur, Gargi

doi:10.3390/children9101460

Cited by 4 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Our study corroborates findings from multiple studies that highlight the influence of maternal weight gain on a neonate's birth weight (8,23,24). Maternal nutritional status was found to be an important factor for determining neonatal growth in several studies however, data on findings from a socially disadvantaged population are scare.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Maternal anthropometry (height, pre-pregnancy weight, and gestational weight gain (GWG)) has a strong impact on foetal growth as well as birth weight and body composition of the neonate (7,8). It has been documented that maternal pre-pregnancy weight and gestational weight gain are positively correlated with neonatal size (7,8). Pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) represents chronic maternal nutritional status; however, gestational weight gain reflects both acute nutritional status and the growth of tissues (9).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of parental anthropometry and gestational weight gain on intrauterine growth and neonatal outcomes: Findings from the MAI cohort study in rural India

Deshpande

Miriam

Shah

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Background: Poor foetal growth and subsequent low birth weight are associated with an increased risk for disease later in life. Identifying parental factors that determine foetal growth are important to curbing intergenerational malnutrition, especially among disadvantaged populations in the global south where undernutrition rates are high. The objective of this study was to assess the relationships between parental biometry, intrauterine growth and neonatal outcomes, while factoring in socioeconomic status of historically disadvantaged households in rural India Material and Methods: Using data from the prospective longitudinal cohort, pregnant women from rural Pune, India (n = 134) were assessed between August 2020 and November 2022. Data on socio-demography, ultrasound measurements, parental and foetal anthropometry were collected. Multiple linear regression models were run to predict determinants of foetal intrauterine and neonatal growth (p value<0.05). The dependent variables were ultrasound measurements and neonatal biometry, and independent variables were gestational weight gain, parental and mid-parental height. Results: Mean(±SD) maternal age, maternal height, paternal height and mid-parental height were 22.8±3.7 years, 153.6±5.5cm, 165.9±6.5cm and 159.1±8.7cm, respectively. Pre-pregnancy body mass index and gestational weight gain was 20.5±4.0 kg/m2 and 9.8±3.7kg respectively. Mid-parental height and gestational weight gain were strongly correlated with neonatal growth and foetal intrauterine growth (p<0.05); however, the correlation peaked at 28 weeks of gestation(p<0.05). Gestational weight gain (B=28.7, p=0.00) and mid-parental height (B=14.3, p=0.00) were identified as strong determinants of foetal-intrauterine growth and neonatal anthropometry at birth. Maternal height was found to influence length of male neonate (B=0.18, p=0.00), whereas, paternal height influenced length of the female neonate (B=0.11, p=0.01). Conclusion: Parental socio-economic status, biometry and maternal gestational weight gain influence growth of the child starting from the intrauterine period. Our study underlines the need for interventions during pre-pregnancy, as well as during pregnancy, for optimal weight gain and improved foetal and neonatal outcomes.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of parental anthropometry and gestational weight gain on intrauterine growth and neonatal outcomes: Findings from the MAI cohort study in rural India

Deshpande

Miriam

Shah

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…It is well known that maternal nutrition during pregnancy has a pivotal role in the regulation of placental-fetal development, that suboptimal maternal nutrition yields LBW [ 46 – 48 ] and nutritional interventions during pregnancy have been shown to positively affect LBW [ 49 , 50 ]. Thus, the strong association between maternal underweight and LBW that we observed could serve as evidence to support such interventions particularly for WLHIV and primigravidae women.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low birth weight among infants and pregnancy outcomes among women living with HIV and HIV-negative women in Rwanda

Zotova,

Munyaneza,

Murenzi

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Introduction In utero exposure to HIV and/or triple antiretroviral therapy (ART) have been shown to be associated with preterm births and low birth weight (LBW), but data from low-resources settings with high burden of HIV remain limited. This study utilized retrospective data to describe pregnancy outcomes among Rwandan women living with HIV (WLHIV) and HIV-negative women and to assess the association of HIV and ART with LBW. Methods This study used data from a large cohort of WLHIV and HIV-negative women in Rwanda for a cross-sectional analysis. Retrospective data were collected from antenatal care (ANC), delivery, and Prevention of Mother to Child Transmission (PMTCT) registries within the Central Africa International Epidemiology Databases to Evaluate AIDS (CA-IeDEA) in Rwanda. Data from women with documented HIV test results and known pregnancy outcomes were included in the analysis. Analyses for predictors of LBW (< 2,500 g) were restricted to singleton live births. Logistic models were used to identify independent predictors and estimate the odd ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) measuring the strength of their association with LBW. Results and discussion Out of 10,608 women with known HIV status and with documented pregnancy outcomes, 9.7% (n = 1,024) were WLHIV. We restricted the sample to 10,483 women who had singleton live births for the analysis of the primary outcome, LBW. Compared with HIV-negative women, WLHIV had higher rates of stillbirth, preterm births, and LBW babies. Multivariable model showed that WLHIV and primigravidae had higher odds of LBW. Lower maternal weight and primigravidae status were associated with greater odds of LBW. Among WLHIV, the use of ART was associated with significantly lower odds of LBW in a bivariate analysis. Even in a sample of relatively healthier uncomplicated pregnancies and women who delivered in low-risk settings, WLHIV still had higher rates of poor pregnancy outcomes and to have LBW infants compared to women without HIV. Lower maternal weight and primigravidae status were independently associated with LBW. Given that supplementary nutrition to malnourished pregnant women is known to decrease the incidence of LBW, providing such supplements to lower-weight WLHIV, especially primigravidae women, might help reduce LBW.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Maternal anthropometry (height, pre-pregnancy weight, and gestational weight gain (GWG)) has a strong impact on foetal growth as well as birth weight and body composition of the neonate [ 7 , 8 ]. It has been documented that maternal pre-pregnancy weight and gestational weight gain are positively correlated with neonatal size [ 7 , 8 ]. Pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) is used to classify mothers with chronic nutritional status; however, gestational weight gain reflects both acute nutritional status and the growth of tissues [ 9 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of parental anthropometry and gestational weight gain on intrauterine growth and neonatal outcomes: Findings from the MAI cohort study in rural India

Deshpande,

Miriam,

Shah

et al. 2023

PLOS Glob Public Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Poor foetal growth and subsequent low birth weight are associated with an increased risk for disease later in life. Identifying parental factors that determine foetal growth are important to curbing intergenerational malnutrition, especially among disadvantaged populations in the global south where undernutrition rates are high. The objective of this study was to assess the relationships between parental biometry, intrauterine growth and neonatal outcomes, while factoring in socioeconomic status of historically disadvantaged households in rural India. Using data from the prospective longitudinal cohort, pregnant women from rural Pune, India (n = 134) were assessed between August 2020 and November 2022. Data on socio-demography, ultrasound measurements, parental and foetal anthropometry were collected. Multiple linear regression models were run to predict determinants of foetal intrauterine and neonatal growth (p value<0.05). The dependent variables were ultrasound measurements and neonatal biometry, and independent variables were gestational weight gain, parental and mid-parental height. Mean(±SD) maternal age, maternal height, paternal height and mid-parental height were 22.8±3.7 years, 153.6±5.5cm, 165.9±6.5cm and 159.1±8.7cm, respectively. Pre-pregnancy body mass index and gestational weight gain was 20.5±4.0 kg/m2 and 9.8±3.7kg respectively. Mid-parental height and gestational weight gain were strongly correlated with neonatal growth and foetal intrauterine growth (p<0.05); however, the correlation peaked at 28 weeks of gestation (p<0.05). Gestational weight gain (B = 28.7, p = 0.001) and mid-parental height (B = 14.3, p = 0.001) were identified as strong determinants of foetal-intrauterine growth and neonatal anthropometry at birth. Maternal height was found to influence length of male neonate (B = 0.18, p = 0.001), whereas, paternal height influenced length of the female neonate (B = 0.11, p = 0.01). Parental socio-economic status, biometry and maternal gestational weight gain influence growth of the child starting from the intrauterine period. Our study underlines the need for interventions during pre-pregnancy, as well as during pregnancy, for optimal weight gain and improved foetal and neonatal outcomes.

show abstract

Maternal Nutrition, Body Composition and Gestational Weight Gain on Low Birth Weight and Small for Gestational Age—A Cohort Study in an Indian Urban Slum

Cited by 4 publications

References 41 publications

Influence of parental anthropometry and gestational weight gain on intrauterine growth and neonatal outcomes: Findings from the MAI cohort study in rural India

Influence of parental anthropometry and gestational weight gain on intrauterine growth and neonatal outcomes: Findings from the MAI cohort study in rural India

Low birth weight among infants and pregnancy outcomes among women living with HIV and HIV-negative women in Rwanda

Influence of parental anthropometry and gestational weight gain on intrauterine growth and neonatal outcomes: Findings from the MAI cohort study in rural India

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