Maternal nutrition and fetal outcome

Metcoff, Jack; Costiloe, J P; Crosby, Warren M.; Bentle, Larry A.; Seshachalam, D; Sandstead, Harold H.; Bodwell, C. E.; Weaver, Frances M.; McClain, Philip E.

doi:10.1093/ajcn/34.4.708

Cited by 86 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Although many functions for MT have been proposed, several lines of evidence support the idea that one function of MT during early life may be that of a zinc-storage protein (30, 3 1). Supportive of this idea is the finding of similar negative correlations between maternal plasma zinc at term and birth wt in human populations (32)(33)(34).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Influence of Marginal Maternal Zinc Deficiency on Pregnancy Outcome and Infant Zinc Status in Rhesus Monkeys

Lönnerdal

et al. 1989

Pediatr Res

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ABSTRACT. To investigate the effects of marginal zinc deficiency on early development, rhesus monkeys were fed a diet marginally deficient in zinc (M, 4 pglg) throughout pregnancy and during the first month of lactation. Despite the low concentration of zinc in the diet, M dams did not develop overt signs of zinc deficiency. However, compared to control dams fed diets adequate in zinc (C; 100 pg Zn/ g), M dams showed a low response to the mitogens concanavalin A and phytohemagglutinin. Pregnancy outcome was similar in the two groups and all of the neonates were judged to be healthy at delivery. From birth until d 30 of age, the infants were closely monitored for signs of zinc deficiency, and at d 30, they were killed and tissues were removed and analyzed for a number of parameters reported to be affected by zinc status. At birth, M infants had low plasma zinc concentrations compared to controls; however, this difference was not observed at d 30. D 30 M infants showed a normal response to the mitogens concanavalin A and phytohemagglutinin, but showed a low response to pokeweed mitogen. Tissue (liver, brain, spleen, kidney, and heart) trace element concentrations were similar in the two groups of infants, as were liver metallothionein concentrations and @Zn uptakelretention by isolated hepatocytes. Infant wt gain was inversely correlated with plasma zinc, liver zinc, and liver metallothionein concentrations in both the M and C groups. These results demonstrate that feeding a diet containing 4 fig zinclg to rhesus monkeys during pregnancy and lactation does not result in marked signs of zinc deficiency, although subtle signs occur in both the mother and infant. The data also support the concept that infant growth is associated with a depletion of tissue zinc stores. (Pediatr Res 26:470-477, 1989)

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Influence of Marginal Maternal Zinc Deficiency on Pregnancy Outcome and Infant Zinc Status in Rhesus Monkeys

Lönnerdal

et al. 1989

Pediatr Res

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“…Similar were the observations of other workers (15,16). Besides various inhibiting factors in vegetarian diet, over supplementation of Iron during pregnancy could also adversely affect absorption of zinc (17,18). Zinc is passively transferred from mother to fetus across the placenta (19) and there is also decreased zinc binding capacity of maternal blood during pregnancy which facilitates efficient transfer of zinc from mother to fetus resulting in an increase level of zinc in cord blood.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum iron, copper and zinc status in maternal and cord blood

Upadhyaya

Mishra

Ajmera

et al. 2004

Indian J Clin Biochem

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Pregnancy is associated with increased demand of all the nutrients like Iron, Copper, Zinc etc. and deficiency of any of these could affect pregnancy, delivery and out come of pregnancy. With this consideration, the study was conducted on 80 mothers and newborns and 20 age matched control women. Out of 80 mothers, 34 had Iron deficiency anemia and their Hb levels were below 9.0 gm/d'. Pregnant women had significantly lower Iron and Zinc levels while Copper and Total Iron Binding Capacity (I'IBC) were significantly higher (P<0.001). Newborns had significantly elevated Iron and Zinc levels and low levels of Copper and TIBC as compared to their mothers irrespective of Iron deficiency anemia. Micronutrient status of newborn was found to be dependent on their mother's micronutrient status. Besides, results also suggest micronutrient interactions, which are reflected in Iron/Zinc, Iron/Copper and Zinc/Copper ratios. In view of this, there is need for proper, adequate and balanced micronutrient supplementation during pregnancy to affect a healthy outcome.

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“…212 Although there is evidence of an association between serum vitamin A or carotenoids and birth weight, 213,214 it has not been found consistently. 173,175,[215][216][217] community-based evidence. Five trials performed in rural settings in developing countries provided information on vitamin A supplementation relevant to this review (Table 10).…”

Section: Antenatal Vitamin a Supplementationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Community-Based Interventions for Improving Perinatal and Neonatal Health Outcomes in Developing Countries: A Review of the Evidence

et al. 2005

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ABSTRACT. Background. Infant and under-5 childhood mortality rates in developing countries have declined significantly in the past 2 to 3 decades. However, 2 critical indicators, maternal and newborn mortality, have hardly changed. World leaders at the United Nations Millennium Summit in September 2000 agreed on a critical goal to reduce deaths of children <5 years by two thirds, but this may be unattainable without halving newborn deaths, which now comprise 40% of all under-5 deaths. Greater emphasis on wide-scale implementation of proven, cost-effective measures is required to save women's and newborns' lives. Approximately 99% of neonatal deaths take place in developing countries, mostly in homes and communities. A comprehensive review of the evidence base for impact of interventions on neonatal health and survival in developingcountry communities has not been reported.Objective. This review of community-based antenatal, intrapartum, and postnatal intervention trials in developing countries aimed to identify (1) key behaviors and interventions for which the weight of evidence is sufficient to recommend their inclusion in communitybased neonatal care programs and (2) key gaps in knowledge and priority areas for future research and program learning.Methods. Available published and unpublished data on the impact of community-based strategies and interventions on perinatal and neonatal health status outcomes were reviewed. Evidence was summarized systematically and categorized into 4 levels of evidence based on study size, location, design, and reported impact, particularly on perinatal or neonatal mortality. The evidence was placed in the context of biological plausibility of the intervention; evidence from relevant developed-country studies; health care program experience in implementation; and recommendations from the World Health Organization and other leading agencies.Results. A paucity of community-based data was found from developing-country studies on health status impact for many interventions currently being considered for inclusion in neonatal health programs. However, review of the evidence and consideration of the broader context of knowledge, experience, and recommendations regarding these interventions enabled us to categorize them according to the strength of the evidence base and confidence regarding their inclusion now in programs. This article identifies a package of priority interventions to include in programs and formulates research priorities for advancing the state of the art in neonatal health care.Conclusions. This review emphasizes some new findings while recommending an integrated approach to safe motherhood and newborn health. The results of this study provide a foundation for policies and programs related to maternal and newborn health and emphasizes the importance of health systems research and evaluation of interventions. The review offers compelling support for using research to identify the most effective measures to save newborn lives. It also may facilitate dialogue with policy...

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Maternal nutrition and fetal outcome

Cited by 86 publications

References 41 publications

Influence of Marginal Maternal Zinc Deficiency on Pregnancy Outcome and Infant Zinc Status in Rhesus Monkeys

Influence of Marginal Maternal Zinc Deficiency on Pregnancy Outcome and Infant Zinc Status in Rhesus Monkeys

Serum iron, copper and zinc status in maternal and cord blood

Community-Based Interventions for Improving Perinatal and Neonatal Health Outcomes in Developing Countries: A Review of the Evidence

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