Maternal nutrient restriction in guinea pigs leads to fetal growth restriction with increased brain apoptosis

Ghaly, Andrew; Maki, Yohei; Nygard, Karen; Hammond, Robert; Hardy, Daniel B.; Richardson, Bryan

doi:10.1038/s41390-018-0230-6

Cited by 13 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Given that maternal nutrition and fetal growth are closely related, 22,23 maternal undernutrition is an important cause of FGR worldwide. [24][25][26] The impact of maternal undernutrition on fetal growth depends on its timing and severity. 20 To date, maternal interventions in dietary advice and modifications have lacked significant success in preventing FGR.…”

Section: Etiology Of Fetal Growth Restrictionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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FIGO (International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics) initiative on fetal growth: Best practice advice for screening, diagnosis, and management of fetal growth restriction

Melamed

Baschat

Yinon

et al. 2021

Intl J Gynecology & Obste

254

218

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Section: Etiology Of Fetal Growth Restrictionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Given that maternal nutrition and fetal growth are closely related, 22,22,23 maternal undernutrition is an important cause of FGR worldwide 24‐26 . The impact of maternal undernutrition on fetal growth depends on its timing and severity 20 .…”

Section: Fetal Growth Restriction: Background Definition Etiology mentioning

confidence: 99%

FIGO (International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics) initiative on fetal growth: Best practice advice for screening, diagnosis, and management of fetal growth restriction

Melamed

Baschat

Yinon

et al. 2021

Intl J Gynecology & Obste

254

218

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“…Adaptive responses to chronic hypoxia in the fetal brain thus appear to differ depending on sex, with males showing less reduction in overall growth leading to more tissue hypoxia, and females showing more reduction in overall growth leading to less tissue hypoxia. As such, these adaptive responses may differ in the extent to which growth and related developmental processes are protected or compromised, contributing to sex-specific alterations in brain development as we have seen with increased apoptosis in these FGR males [43], and sex-specific risk for later neuropsychiatric disorder [3,29].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Maternal Undernourishment in Guinea Pigs Leads to Fetal Growth Restriction with Increased Hypoxic Cells and Oxidative Stress in the Brain

et al. 2019

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Background: We determined whether maternal nutrient restriction (MNR) in guinea pigs leading to fetal growth restriction (FGR) impacts markers for brain hypoxia and oxidative stress. Methods: Guinea pigs were fed ad libitum (control) or 70% of the control diet before pregnancy, switching to 90% at mid-pregnancy (MNR). Near term, hypoxyprobe-1 (HP-1) was injected into pregnant sows. Fetuses were then necropsied and brain tissues were processed for HP-1 (hypoxia marker) and 4HNE, 8-OHdG, and 3-nitrotyrosine (oxidative stress markers) immunoreactivity (IR). Results: FGR-MNR fetal and brain weights were decreased 38 and 12%, respectively, with brain/fetal weights thereby increased 45% as a measure of brain sparing, and more so in males than females. FGR-MNR HP-1 IR was increased in most of the brain regions studied, and more so in males than females, while 4HNE and 8-OHdG IR were increased in select brain regions, but with no sex differences. Conclusions: Chronic hypoxia is likely to be an important signaling mechanism in the FGR brain, but with males showing more hypoxia than females. This may involve sex differences in adaptive decreases in growth and normalizing of oxygen, with implications for sex-specific alterations in brain development and risk for later neuropsychiatric disorder.

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“…; Ghaly et al. ; Gould et al. ); these effects are fetal sex‐dependent (Aiken and Ozanne ; Ghaly et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…); these effects are fetal sex‐dependent (Aiken and Ozanne ; Ghaly et al. ). The proposed mechanisms, connecting in utero conditions with altered postnatal CNS‐related function, range from control of gene expression to epigenetic and hormonal changes (Sandman et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ontogeny and programming of the fetal temporal cortical endocannabinoid system by moderate maternal nutrient reduction in baboons ( Papio spp.)

et al. 2019

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Poor nutrition during pregnancy is a worldwide public health problem. Maternal nutrient reduction ( MNR ) is associated with maternal and fetal stress and a sex‐dependent decrease in nonhuman primate ( NHP ) cognitive performance. Early life stress potentiates epileptogenesis in a sex‐specific manner, and temporal lobe ( TL ) epilepsy is associated with neurocognitive disorders. The endogenous cannabinoid system ( ECS ) demonstrates remarkable developmental changes and plays a key role in aging‐related diseases (e.g., dementia). Baboons have been studied as a natural model of epilepsy and express all ECS system components. We therefore evaluated baboon fetal temporal cortex ECS ontogenic and MNR ‐dependent changes. At 120 days gestational age ( dGA ) (term 185 days), maternal, fetal, and placental morphometry were similar between control and MNR pregnancies. MNR maternal weight gain was decreased compared with controls at 165 dGA independent of fetal sex. In male fetuses, expression of ECS synthesizing and degrading enzymes was gestational age‐dependent, with the exception of fatty acid amide hydrolase ( FAAH ). MNR had a sex‐specific effect on the protein expression of CB 1R during development: CB 1R protein expression was decreased in fetal temporal cortex of male fetuses at 120 and 140 dGA . Our data reveal that the MNR has sex‐specific effects on temporal cortical expression of the ECS in baboon offspring and shows vulnerability of ECS in male fetuses during gestation.

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Maternal nutrient restriction in guinea pigs leads to fetal growth restriction with increased brain apoptosis

Cited by 13 publications

References 41 publications

FIGO (International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics) initiative on fetal growth: Best practice advice for screening, diagnosis, and management of fetal growth restriction

FIGO (International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics) initiative on fetal growth: Best practice advice for screening, diagnosis, and management of fetal growth restriction

Maternal Undernourishment in Guinea Pigs Leads to Fetal Growth Restriction with Increased Hypoxic Cells and Oxidative Stress in the Brain

Ontogeny and programming of the fetal temporal cortical endocannabinoid system by moderate maternal nutrient reduction in baboons ( Papio spp.)

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