Maternal Medication, Drug Use, and Breastfeeding

Rowe, Hilary; Baker, Teresa; Hale, Thomas W.

doi:10.1016/j.pcl.2012.10.009

Cited by 71 publications

(99 citation statements)

References 93 publications

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“…Because breastmilk has a pH of 7.2, which is slightly lower than the pH of plasma (normal pH range 7.35-7.45), antibiotics with a higher pKa have a greater tendency to accumulate as an ionized form in breast milk [20,21]. …”

Section: Factors That Determine the Passage Of Drugs Into Breast Milkmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Antibiotics and Breastfeeding

et al. 2016

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During the breastfeeding period, bacterial infections can occur in the nursing mother, requiring the use of antibiotics. A lack of accurate information may lead health care professionals and mothers to suspend breastfeeding, which may be unnecessary. This article provides information on the main antibiotics that are appropriate for clinical use and the interference of these antibiotics with the infant to support medical decisions regarding the discontinuation of breastfeeding. We aim to provide information on the pharmacokinetic factors that interfere with the passage of antibiotics into breast milk and the toxicological implications of absorption by the infant. Publications related to the 20 most frequently employed antibiotics and their transfer into breast milk were evaluated. The results demonstrate that most antibiotics in clinical use are considered suitable during breastfeeding; however, the pharmacokinetic profile of each drug must be observed to ensure the resolution of the maternal infection and the safety of the infant.

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Section: Factors That Determine the Passage Of Drugs Into Breast Milkmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When excreted in breast milk, doxycycline has better oral absorption than tetracycline because it binds less to the calcium in breast milk [21]. Doxycycline is excreted in breast milk in very small concentrations (0.05 μg/ml) after exposure in nursing mothers.…”

Section: Main Antibiotics In Clinical Usementioning

confidence: 99%

Antibiotics and Breastfeeding

et al. 2016

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“…Human milk is an abundant sample matrix for evaluating how much the excretion of xenobiotics is transferred to the infant; furthermore it is an excellent noninvasive means of monitoring the excretion of chemical compounds and their metabolites [1][2][3]. In spite of this, this sample matrix is considered to be unconventional [4] due to their great composition variability.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In spite of this, this sample matrix is considered to be unconventional [4] due to their great composition variability. Human milk contains, in variable high amounts, protein, fat and carbohydrates and it is more acidic than plasma (pH varying from 6.6-7.2) [1,2]. It changes in accordance to the infant´s age, sex and other characteristics and seems tailored made to reflect each infant necessity [5,6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bioanalytical challenge: A review of environmental and pharmaceuticals contaminants in human milk

Lopes

Barreiro

Cass

2016

Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis

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Use of Psychotropic Medications in Breastfeeding Women

Kronenfeld

Berlin

Shaniv

et al. 2017

Birth Defects Research

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According to the data available in the literature to date, most psychotropic medications are expected to produce low levels in breast milk with no clinical importance. Nevertheless, an individual risk-benefit assessment of a proposed treatment should always be performed, as inter-individual differences may have a substantial effect on the breastfeeding infant's response to the treatment. Further studies and additional objective data are needed to consolidate and improve our current knowledge of psychopharmacotherapy in breastfeeding women. Birth Defects Research 109:957-997, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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Maternal Medication, Drug Use, and Breastfeeding

Cited by 71 publications

References 93 publications

Antibiotics and Breastfeeding

Antibiotics and Breastfeeding

Bioanalytical challenge: A review of environmental and pharmaceuticals contaminants in human milk

Use of Psychotropic Medications in Breastfeeding Women

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