Maternal malnutrition in the rat: Effects on food intake and body weight

Kanarek, Robin B.; Schoenfeld, Paul; Morgane, Peter J.

doi:10.1016/0031-9384(86)90418-x

Cited by 22 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…However, in agreement with previous studies, [50][51][52] alterations in food consumption were observed during lactation. Specifically, 9 days after delivery, rats fed the 8% protein diet reduced in absolute terms their daily food intake by 48% in relation to control dams with a significant diet Â time interaction (F 11, 154 ¼ 20.95, Po0.0001) and by 30% when food intake was normalized to body weight (C ¼ 212.57±9.97 kcal 100 g À1 of body weight, n ¼ 7 vs LP 149.72±12.62 kcal 100 g À1 of body weight, n ¼ 9, Po0.001).…”

Section: Genesupporting

confidence: 92%

Perinatal nutrient restriction induces long-lasting alterations in the circadian expression pattern of genes regulating food intake and energy metabolism

et al. 2010

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Objective: Several lines of evidence indicate that nutrient restriction during perinatal development sensitizes the offspring to the development of obesity, insulin resistance and cardiovascular disease in adulthood via the programming of hyperphagia and reduced energy expenditure. Given the link between the circadian clock and energy metabolism, and the resetting action of food on the circadian clock, in this study, we have investigated whether perinatal undernutrition affects the circadian expression rhythms of genes regulating food intake in the hypothalamus and energy metabolism in the liver. Design: Pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats were fed ad libitum either a control (20% protein) or a low-protein (8% protein) diet throughout pregnancy and lactation. At weaning, pups received a standard diet and at 17 and 35 days of age, their daily patterns of gene expression were analyzed by real-time quantitative PCR experiments. Results: 17-day-old pups exposed to perinatal undernutrition exhibited significant alterations in the circadian expression profile of the transcripts encoding diverse genes regulating food intake, the metabolic enzymes fatty acid synthase and glucokinase as well as the clock genes BMAL1 and Period1. These effects persisted after weaning, were associated with hyperphagia and mirrored the results of the behavioral analysis of feeding. Thus, perinatally undernourished rats exhibited an increased hypothalamic expression of the orexigenic peptides agouti-related protein and neuropeptide Y. Conversely, the mRNA levels of the anorexigenic peptides pro-opiomelanocortin and cocaine and amphetamine-related transcripts were decreased. Conclusion: These observations indicate that the circadian clock undergoes nutritional programming. The programming of the circadian clock may contribute to the alterations in feeding and energy metabolism associated with malnutrition in early life, which might promote the development of metabolic disorders in adulthood.

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Section: Genesupporting

confidence: 92%

Perinatal nutrient restriction induces long-lasting alterations in the circadian expression pattern of genes regulating food intake and energy metabolism

et al. 2010

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“…We previously reported that the protein content of the diet does not affect food intake during pregnancy in our model. 22 However, in this study, and possibly due to the use of saline even in control animals, we did report a difference in the two nutrition groups, notably an increase in the food consumption of low protein rats on days 8–11. Cocaine administration reduced food intake in both nutrition groups.…”

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 55%

The Effects of Prenatal Protein Malnutrition and Cocaine on the Development of the Rat^a

Galler

Tonkiss

1998

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

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“…We chose to examine the effects of protein restriction as a means to institute malnutrition because of the significant amount of work relating how dietary protein levels influence somatic growth (Kanarek et al, 1986), the development of dendritic morphology (Benitez-Bribiesca et al, 1999; Cordero et al, 2003), neurogenesis (King et al, 2002, 2004), sensory development (Puthuraya et al, 1980; Sjostrom et al, 1984, 1985, 1987a,b; Almli et al, 1985; Conradi et al, 1985, 1989, 1990; Sjostrom and Conradi, 1987, 1989; Conradi and Sjostrom, 1989; Vilela et al, 2005), as well as influence a variety of behaviors and underlying neural circuits (Cintra et al, 1997; Morgane et al, 2002; Mokler et al, 2003). Clearly, other dietary manipulations may yield similar (or different) results than found here because insufficient amounts of a single nutrient can significantly alter nervous system development.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of dietary protein restriction on chorda tympani nerve taste responses and terminal field organization

Thomas

Hill

2008

Neuroscience

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Prenatal dietary sodium restriction produces profound developmental effects on rat functional taste responses and formation of neural circuits in the brainstem. Converging evidence indicates that the underlying mechanisms for these effects are related to a compromised nutritional state and not to direct stimulus-receptor interactions. We explored whether early malnourishment produces similar functional and structural effects to those seen following dietary sodium restriction by using a protein deficient, sodium replete diet. To determine if early dietary protein-restriction affects the development of the peripheral gustatory system, multi-fiber neurophysiological recordings were made from the chorda tympani nerve and anterograde track tracing of the chorda tympani nerve into the nucleus of the solitary tract (NTS) was accomplished in rats fed a protein-restricted or a control diet (6% and 20%, respectively). The dietary regimens began on embryonic day 7 and continued until rats were used for neurophysiological recordings (postnatal days (P) 35-50) or for chorda tympani terminal field labeling (P40-50). Responses to a concentration series of NaCl, sodium acetate, KCl, and to 0.50 M sucrose, 0.03 M quinine-HCl, and 0.01 N HCl revealed attenuated responses (30-60%) to sodium-specific stimuli in rats fed the 6% protein diet compared with those fed the 20% protein diet. Responses to all other stimuli were similar between groups. Terminal field volumes were nearly twofold larger in protein-restricted rats compared with controls, with the differences located primarily in the dorsal-caudal zone of the terminal field. These results are similar to the results seen previously in rats fed a sodium-restricted diet throughout pre-and postnatal development, suggesting that dietary sodium-and protein-restriction share similar mechanisms in altering gustatory development. Keywordsnucleus of the solitary tract; gustation; development; prenatal diet; plasticity . E-mail address: dh2t@virginia.edu (D. L. Hill). Publisher's Disclaimer: This article appeared in a journal published by Elsevier. The attached copy is furnished to the author for internal non-commercial research and education use, including for instruction at the authors institution and sharing with colleagues. Other uses, including reproduction and distribution, or selling or licensing copies, or posting to personal, institutional or third party websites are prohibited. In most cases authors are permitted to post their version of the article (e.g. in Word or Tex form) to their personal website or institutional repository. Authors requiring further information regarding Elsevier's archiving and manuscript policies are encouraged to visit: http://www.elsevier.com/copyright NIH Public Access Sensory systems adapt to environmental influences by coordinated alterations in structure and function, often referred to as "plastic" changes. Unlike other sensory systems, there is a remarkable amount of environmentally induced plasticity resident in peripheral and brainstem g...

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Maternal malnutrition in the rat: Effects on food intake and body weight

Cited by 22 publications

References 24 publications

Perinatal nutrient restriction induces long-lasting alterations in the circadian expression pattern of genes regulating food intake and energy metabolism

Perinatal nutrient restriction induces long-lasting alterations in the circadian expression pattern of genes regulating food intake and energy metabolism

The Effects of Prenatal Protein Malnutrition and Cocaine on the Development of the Rat^a

The effects of dietary protein restriction on chorda tympani nerve taste responses and terminal field organization

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Maternal malnutrition in the rat: Effects on food intake and body weight

Cited by 22 publications

References 24 publications

Perinatal nutrient restriction induces long-lasting alterations in the circadian expression pattern of genes regulating food intake and energy metabolism

Perinatal nutrient restriction induces long-lasting alterations in the circadian expression pattern of genes regulating food intake and energy metabolism

The Effects of Prenatal Protein Malnutrition and Cocaine on the Development of the Rata

The effects of dietary protein restriction on chorda tympani nerve taste responses and terminal field organization

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The Effects of Prenatal Protein Malnutrition and Cocaine on the Development of the Rat^a