Maternal Infection and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes among Pregnant Travellers: Results of the International Zika Virus in Pregnancy Registry

Abstract

In this multicentre cohort study, we evaluated the risks of maternal ZIKV infections and adverse pregnancy outcomes among exposed travellers compared to women living in areas with ZIKV circulation (residents). The risk of maternal infection was lower among travellers compared to residents: 25.0% (n = 36/144) versus 42.9% (n = 309/721); aRR 0.6; 95%CI 0.5–0.8. Risk factors associated with maternal infection among travellers were travelling during the epidemic period (i.e., June 2015 to December 2016) (aOR 29.4; 95%CI 3.7-228.1), travelling to the Caribbean Islands (aOR 3.2; 95%CI 1.2-8.7) and stay duration >2 weeks (aOR 8.7; 95%CI 1.1–71.5). Adverse pregnancy outcomes were observed in 8.3% (n = 3/36) of infected travellers and 12.7% (n = 39/309) of infected residents. Overall, the risk of maternal infections is lower among travellers compared to residents and related to the presence of ongoing outbreaks and stay duration, with stays <2 weeks associated with minimal risk in the absence of ongoing outbreaks.

Risk of adverse pregnancy and infant outcomes associated with prenatal Zika virus infection: a post-epidemic cohort in Central-West Brazil

“…Our result of an 11.4% risk of CZS is consistent with the 12.7% risk of severe adverse and neonatal outcomes reported in a cohort of pregnant women residing in French Guiana that was conducted in the epidemic and post-epidemic period 31 . However, our finding was higher than the 3.9% (95% CI: 2.5–5.9) risk of CZS, microcephaly and/or other central nervous system malformations reported among live births during the peak of the epidemic in Southeast of Brazil 32 .…”