Maternal „imprinting” in Goats

Klopfer, Peter H.; Adams, Donald K.; Klopfer, Martha S.

doi:10.1073/pnas.52.4.911

Cited by 99 publications

(38 citation statements)

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“…The terms ''critical period'' and ''imprinting'' have been used in various early studies of maternal bonding in sheep and goats (Hersher et al, 1963b;Klopfer, Adams, & Klopfer, 1964;Klopfer & Gamble, 1966;Klopfer & Klopfer, 1968;Smith et al, 1966). Nonetheless, it became rapidly obvious that these terms, derived from embryology and early studies of imprinting in young birds, were not fully appropriate for the study of maternal bonding.…”

Section: The Sensitive Period Sensitive Period Versus Critical Periodmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ewes and does learn to discriminate their own neonate from an alien one very rapidly after parturition. The reported period of contact necessary to do so varies between studies, depending on the experimental procedures used, but 30 min of contact appears sufficient to allow the display of maternal selectivity in more than half of mothers in sheep and goats Klopfer et al, 1964;Smith et al, 1966), and absence of selectivity later than 4 hr postpartum is rare Romeyer & Poindron, 1992;Romeyer, Poindron, Porter, Lévy, & Orgeur, 1994b). Evidence for the importance of olfaction in the recognition of the young comes from experiments of olfactory bulbs ablation (Baldwin & Shillito, 1974;Bouissou, 1968), section of the main olfactory nerves , and peripherally induced anosmia, all these methods preventing the establishment of selective nursing (goat: Hernández et al, 2002;Klopfer & Gamble, 1966;Romeyer et al, 1994a;sheep: Lévy et al, 1995b;Hernández et al, 2001).…”

Section: Sensory Cues Involved In the Establishment Of Maternal Selecmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, if the neonate is removed at birth, before the mother has had any contact with it, maternal responsiveness fades within a few hours in both species. In most cases, mothers are unable to display immediate maternal care when reunited with their young after 4-12 hr of separation (Hersher et al, 1963a;Klopfer et al, 1964;Lickliter, 1982;. It is difficult to propose precise boundaries for the sensitive period, since the conditions in which animals have been tested vary between studies.…”

Section: The Sensitive Period Sensitive Period Versus Critical Periodmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2; Lévy et al, 1991;. Even a few minutes of contact at birth are sufficient for does to maintain maternal responsiveness for 2-3 hr without their neonate (Gubernick, 1981;Klopfer et al, 1964). Thus, the sensitive period can be regarded as a phase during which maternal responsiveness is sustained by the experience that the mother gains while interacting with her neonate.…”

Section: The Sensitive Period Sensitive Period Versus Critical Periodmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Maternal responsiveness and maternal selectivity in domestic sheep and goats: The two facets of maternal attachment

Poindron

Lévy

Keller

2006

Developmental Psychobiology

117

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Sheep and goats rapidly establish an exclusive relationship with their neonate following contact with it during a sensitive period of maternal responsiveness induced by the physiological events occurring at parturition. The data concerning the sensory, physiological, and neurobiological factors involved in the activation of both maternal responsiveness and the establishment of selective nursing indicates that these processes are activated simultaneously by the combined action of two main factors, the prepartum rise in circulating estrogen and the vaginocervical stimulation (VCS) caused by fetus expulsion. On the one hand, these two factors act on a neural network including the main olfactory system (MOB), the medial preoptic area (MPOA), and the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVN) to induce maternal responsiveness towards any neonate. The intracerebral release of oxytocin (OT) from the PVN, and the triggering of olfactory attraction for amniotic fluid (AF) are key elements in this process. On the other hand, VCS at birth also sets the MOB ready to memorize the individual odor of the neonate, through the release of peptides and neurotransmitters (noradrenaline and acetylcholine). In addition to the MOB, the network involved in recognition mainly includes the medial and cortical amygdala. Across consolidation processes, reorganization occurs in the network engaged in lamb recognition. Whether this memorization may be potentiated by other sensory cues is not known. The identification of the chemosensory compounds involved in the attraction for AF and in the recognition of the neonate is important for understanding the mechanisms of maternal attachment. ß 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Dev Psychobiol 49: 54-70, 2007.

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Section: The Sensitive Period Sensitive Period Versus Critical Periodmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Sensory Cues Involved In the Establishment Of Maternal Selecmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Sensitive Period Sensitive Period Versus Critical Periodmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Sensitive Period Sensitive Period Versus Critical Periodmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Maternal responsiveness and maternal selectivity in domestic sheep and goats: The two facets of maternal attachment

Poindron

Lévy

Keller

2006

Developmental Psychobiology

117

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“…An early study of sheep and goats had shown that newborn kids and lambs reunited with their mother after a separation shorter than 45 min were accepted, whereas those separated for longer than 45 min were rejected (Collias, 1956). Subsequent studies showed that 5-10 min of contact after birth were sufficient for the mother to recognize her offspring's odor and prevent rejection after separation and reunion (Herscher, Moore, & Richmond, 1958;Herscher, Richmond, & Moore, 1963;Klopfer, 1971;Klopfer, Adams, & Klopfer, 1964). Mothers, however, could be induced to adopt alien young that were exchanged with their offspring provided that these young had not been for too long with another mother (Herscher et al, 1963;Klopfer, 1971;Gubernick, 1980).…”

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confidence: 99%

Is There Mother–Infant Bonding in Primates?

Maestripieri

2001

Developmental Review

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The study of mother-infant bonding was stimulated by concepts and data imported from animal research. However, the occurrence of mother-infant bonding in nonhuman primates has not been systematically investigated. Information obtained from naturalistic observations of infant adoption, experimental studies of infant cross-fostering, and studies of mother-infant recognition in primates suggest that the first few days of the postpartum period are a sensitive period for maternal motivation. During this period, primate mothers are highly attracted to infants and motivated to take care of them, and therefore in optimal conditions to bond with their offspring. This does not necessarily imply, however, that bonding cannot occur during subsequent postnatal periods or that small differences in time spent in contact by mother and infant during the early postpartum days have long-lasting consequences for development or parenting. The determinants of temporal changes in maternal motivation during the postpartum period or of individual differences in maternal motivation have been poorly investigated in humans. The primate evidence can stimulate human research in this area and enhance our understanding of some adaptive and maladaptive processes underlying parenting behavior and child development.

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Is imprinting a cheshire cat?

Klopfer

1967

Syst. Res.

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Imprinting is not a unitary process. Its motor and perceptual aspects can be independently manipulated. This is seen in young ducklings, that will follow a moving surrogate only if previously exposed to it at a particular age (the critical period); but the characteristics of the preferred surrogates are independently (innately?) determined. Similarly, the brief postpartuitive experience essential for the establishment of the maternal care pattern in a goat can be distinguished from the process that leads to discrimination between own and alien young.

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Maternal „imprinting” in Goats

Cited by 99 publications

References 0 publications

Maternal responsiveness and maternal selectivity in domestic sheep and goats: The two facets of maternal attachment

Maternal responsiveness and maternal selectivity in domestic sheep and goats: The two facets of maternal attachment

Is There Mother–Infant Bonding in Primates?

Is imprinting a cheshire cat?

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