Maternal hen calls modulate memory formation in the day-old chick: The role of noradrenaline

Field, Simone; Rickard, Nikki; Toukhsati, Samia Rachael; Gibbs, Marie E.

doi:10.1016/j.nlm.2007.04.001

Cited by 35 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…In the present study, therefore, the significantly shorter time taken by the soundstimulated chicks in the isolation chamber, T-arm and total time taken to reach the target over the 3 trials is indicative of better spatial learning in these chicks compared to the control group. In neonate chicks, ethologically relevant rhythmic auditory stimuli facilitate memory for discriminative learning which is produced by noradrenaline-mediated arousal [64] . It is now evident that rhythmicity is a key feature of the memory-enhancing auditory stimuli in the avian species [65] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression of Synaptic Proteins in the Hippocampus and Spatial Learning in Chicks following Prenatal Auditory Stimulation

2010

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Prenatal auditory stimulation by species-specific sound influences the expression and levels of calcium-binding proteins in the chick hippocampus, which is important to learning and memory. Stimulation by sitar music additionally produces structural changes in the hippocampus. Synapse density, which influences the synaptic plasticity, is also increased following both types of sound stimulation. Here we report the expression of mRNA as well as levels of synaptic proteins (synaptophysin, synapsin I and PSD-95) in the hippocampus of developing chicks subjected to prenatal auditory stimulation. Further, to evaluate the behavioral outcome following acoustic stimulation, posthatch day 1 (PH1) chicks were analyzed by T-maze test for spatial learning. Fertilized zero day eggs were incubated under normal conditions and subjected to patterned sounds of species-specific or sitar music at 65 dB levels for 15 min/h over 24 h at a frequency range of 100–6,300 Hz for a period of 11 days from embryonic day (E) 10 until hatching. Following both types of prenatal acoustic stimulation, a significant increase in the levels of synaptophysin mRNA and protein was found from E12, whereas that of synapsin I and PSD-95 was observed from E16, suggesting early maturation of the excitatory synapse. A significant decrease in the time taken to reach the target over the 3 trials in both sound-stimulated groups indicates improved spatial learning. In the music-stimulated group, however, the time taken to reach the target was reduced from the very first trial, which may point to an involvement of other behavioral attributes in facilitating spatial navigation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression of Synaptic Proteins in the Hippocampus and Spatial Learning in Chicks following Prenatal Auditory Stimulation

2010

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“…Enhanced brain activation along with growth may facilitate memory processes and so shorten the time for memory stabilization. That could result from maturation of modulatory systems such as cholinergic and noradrenergic systems (Harley 2004;Moriceau and Sullivan 2004;Field et al 2007;Mellott et al 2007), which are both involved in arousal and memory. It could be noted that a release of catecholamines with AN (Canal et al 2007), given developmental differences in sensitivity to these modulators, may also explain why AN affects pups of different ages differently.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The temporal dynamics of consolidation and reconsolidation decrease during postnatal development

Languille¹,

Gruest²,

Richer³

et al. 2008

Learn. Mem.

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The temporal dynamics of consolidation and reconsolidation of taste/odor aversion memory are evaluated during rat pup growth at postnatal days 3, 10, and 18. This is assessed through the temporal gradients of efficacy of a protein synthesis inhibitor (anisomycin) in inducing amnesia after either acquisition (consolidation) or reactivation (reconsolidation). The results show a progressive reduction with age of the delay during which the inhibitor is able to induce amnesia. Control experiments rule out a reduction of anisomycin efficacy due to blood brain barrier growth or decrease in protein synthesis inhibition. Thus, these results present the first evidence that the protein synthesis-dependent phase of memory stabilization requires less time with age. This decrease occurs in parallel for consolidation and reconsolidation. Such changes in the dynamics of memory processing could contribute to the cognitive improvement associated with development.Neurobiological changes occurring during development have been extensively explored, but the functional consequences of these changes for cognition are still not well understood. Research on cognitive development has demonstrated very early learning capacities in vertebrates; different kinds of associative learning may be acquired by neonates and even by the fetus (Smotherman et al. 1982;Kehoe and Blass 1986;Cheslock et al. 2000;Sullivan 2001;Smotherman 2002;Gruest et al. 2004a;Shionoya et al. 2006). Some of these early acquisitions have been shown to be retained in the long term, but the characteristics of long-term memory in the course of development are still poorly known, particularly concerning its stabilization.In the adult, it is well known that memory stabilization is not instantaneous but requires time for the biological processes involved. To be stored in the long term, the memory trace must be consolidated (McGaugh 1966(McGaugh , 2000 and this consolidation requires new protein synthesis (Davis and Squire 1984). Thus, protein synthesis inhibitors given at the time of acquisition, or just afterward, cause amnesia by blocking consolidation. Recently, numerous experiments have enriched this notion by showing that retrieval of a previously consolidated memory induces a new period of lability and that stabilization of the memory in the long term requires a new wave of protein synthesis (for reviews, see Despite the theoretical importance of consolidation and reconsolidation, little is known about the emergence of these characteristics of memory during development. We have recently shown that consolidation and reconsolidation can be detected in the neonate and so may be considered as innate properties of memory processing (Gruest et al. 2004b). However, that does not rule out any possibilities of ontogenetic modifications of these memory characteristics. An indication of this possibility is that retrograde amnesia may be induced in the pup one hour after conditioned aversion training, a delay which has never been observed in the adult in the same kind of learning. Th...

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“…We have consistently found in our paradigm that the transition occurs around 30 min after training. This is evidenced by labile, weakly reinforced memory lasting only for this time and unless triggered by modulatory neurotransmitters, arousal, or behavioral triggers (Field et al, 2007).…”

Section: Interference With Glucose Transport Inhibits Strongly Reinfomentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Dilution of the aversant on the bead creates a paradigm whereby chicks remember and will not peck at the bead color associated with the aversive taste for a short while but the memory is not permanent and fades after 30 min. Behavioral events causing arousal such as maternal hen food calls (Field et al, 2007), as well as pharmacological intervention by administration of stress hormones prior to the fading of the memory, lead to the reinstatement and consolidation into long-term storage. Repeated exposure of the chick to the mildly aversive tasting bead will also trigger consolidation (Crowe et al, 1989(Crowe et al, , 1990.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of β-Adrenoceptors in Memory Consolidation: β3-Adrenoceptors Act on Glucose Uptake and β2-Adrenoceptors on Glycogenolysis

Gibbs

Hutchinson

Summers

2007

Neuropsychopharmacol

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Noradrenaline, acting via b 2 -and b 3 -adrenoceptors (AR), enhances memory formation in single trial-discriminated avoidance learning in day-old chicks by mechanisms involving changes in metabolism of glucose and/or glycogen. Earlier studies of memory consolidation in chicks implicated b 3 -rather than b 2 -ARs in enhancement of memory consolidation by glucose, but did not elucidate whether stimulation of glucose uptake or of glycolysis was responsible. This study examines the role of glucose transport in memory formation using central injection of the nonselective facilitative glucose transporter (GLUT) inhibitor cytochalasin B, the endothelial/astrocytic GLUT-1 inhibitor phloretin and the Na + /energy-dependent endothelial glucose transporter (SGLT) inhibitor phlorizin. Cytochalasin B inhibited memory when injected into the mesopallium (avian cortex) either close to or between 25 and 45 min after training, whereas phloretin and phlorizin only inhibited memory at 30 min. This suggested that astrocytic/endothelial (GLUT-1) transport is critical at the time of consolidation, whereas a different transporter, probably the neuronal glucose transporter (GLUT-3), is important at the time of training. Inhibition of glucose transport by cytochalasin B, phloretin, or phlorizin also interfered with b 3 -AR-mediated memory enhancement 20 min posttraining, whereas inhibition of glycogenolysis interfered with b 2 -AR agonist enhancement of memory. We conclude that in astrocytes (1) activities of both GLUT-1 and SGLT are essential for memory consolidation 30 min posttraining; (2) neuronal GLUT-3 is essential at the time of training; and (3) b 2 -and b 3 -ARs consolidate memory by different mechanisms; b 3 -ARs stimulate central glucose transport, whereas b 2 -ARs stimulate central glycogenolysis.

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Maternal hen calls modulate memory formation in the day-old chick: The role of noradrenaline

Cited by 35 publications

References 30 publications

Expression of Synaptic Proteins in the Hippocampus and Spatial Learning in Chicks following Prenatal Auditory Stimulation

Expression of Synaptic Proteins in the Hippocampus and Spatial Learning in Chicks following Prenatal Auditory Stimulation

The temporal dynamics of consolidation and reconsolidation decrease during postnatal development

Role of β-Adrenoceptors in Memory Consolidation: β3-Adrenoceptors Act on Glucose Uptake and β2-Adrenoceptors on Glycogenolysis

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