Maternal Haploids of
            <i>Nicotiana tabacum</i>
            L. from Seed

Burk, L. G.; Gerstel, D. U.; Wernsman, E. A.

doi:10.1126/science.206.4418.585

Cited by 81 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…For efficient use in a breeding program, however, a system for distinguishing plants of the two groups at the seedling stage is needed. While leaf shape, trichome size and density, and stomatal measurements can help distinguish haploids from aneuploid hybrids early in plant development (Flowers et al 1967;Burk et al 1979;Reed 1993), this process can still be considered an art and many tobacco breeding programs have not adopted the N. africana-based system of haploid production for this reason.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Haploid plants of both maternal and paternal origin occur spontaneously at low frequencies in progeny of N. tabacum 9 N. tabacum crosses (de Nettancourt and Stokes 1960;Burk 1962;Lewis and Rose 2011). Burk et al (1979) found that N. tabacum could also yield low frequencies of maternal haploids when pollinated with the African species N. africana [Merx. and Buttler] (2n = 46).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Identification of maternal haploids of Nicotiana tabacum aided by transgenic expression of green fluorescent protein: evidence for chromosome elimination in the N. tabacum × N. africana interspecific cross

et al. 2015

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The Nicotiana tabacum 9 N. africana cross is a semilethal cross, where greater than 99 % of progeny die in the cotyledonary stage due to an interspecific lethality reaction. The low frequencies of surviving plants are mixtures of maternal tobacco haploids and aneuploid F 1 hybrids. For effective use of surviving haploids in a breeding program, an efficient method is needed to distinguish them from aneuploid hybrids during the seedling stage. The first objective of this research was to investigate the use of N. africana engineered with a green fluorescent protein (gfp) transgene for distinguishing haploids from other surviving plants derived from this cross. Results demonstrated gfp expression to be a useful phenotypic marker for separation of aneuploid hybrids at the seedling stage. Microsatellite marker genotyping, flow cytometry determinations, and chromosome counts resulted in identification of progeny that exhibited intermediate DNA amounts and variable chromosome numbers donated by the N. africana parent. Three individuals with near-haploid DNA content were identified that carried N. africana markers and n = 24 ? 2 or n = 24 ? 3 chromosomes. The results present evidence of genetic instability in progeny from the N. tabacum 9 N. africana cross and suggest that, in contrast to previous belief, chromosome elimination may play at least a partial role in the generation of haploids from this cross. Additionally, microsatellite marker genotyping demonstrated a role for a gene or genes located near the end of N. tabacum chromosome H (linkage group 11) in the interspecific lethality reaction.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of maternal haploids of Nicotiana tabacum aided by transgenic expression of green fluorescent protein: evidence for chromosome elimination in the N. tabacum × N. africana interspecific cross

et al. 2015

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“…Uniparental genome elimination leading to in vivo haploid production has been documented by plant breeders mostly from studies of interspecific hybridization experiments from several plant species [7][8][9][10][11][12] . In maize, an intraspecific in vivo haploid production system using Stock 6 genotype 13 derivatives is one of the commercially exploited haploid production system used for the development of hybrid maize cultivars 41 .…”

Section: M1 Haploidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Arabidopsis thaliana and many crop species have proven to be recalcitrant to in vitro haploid production 5,6 . In some species, wide crosses [7][8][9][10][11][12] or intraspecific crosses to lines with specific genetic determinants 13,14 result in in vivo haploid embryo because the chromosomes of the haploid inducer (HI) are lost during postzygotic mitotic divisions while the chromosomes of the non-inducer parent are retained 15 . In a majority of such species, the efficacy of in vivo haploid induction has been hindered by the need for tedious embryo rescue protocols that require in vitro cell culture.…”

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confidence: 99%

A haploid genetics toolbox for Arabidopsis thaliana

et al. 2014

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Genetic analysis in haploids provides unconventional yet powerful advantages not available in diploid organisms. In Arabidopsis thaliana, haploids can be generated through seeds by crossing a wild-type strain to a transgenic strain with altered centromeres. Here we report the development of an improved haploid inducer (HI) strain, SeedGFP-HI, that aids selection of haploid seeds prior to germination. We also show that haploids can be used as a tool to accelerate a variety of genetic analyses, specifically pyramiding multiple mutant combinations, forward mutagenesis screens, scaling down a tetraploid to lower ploidy levels and swapping of nuclear and cytoplasmic genomes. Furthermore, the A. thaliana HI can be used to produce haploids from a related species A. suecica and generate homozygous mutant plants from strong maternal gametophyte lethal alleles, which is not possible via conventional diploid genetics. Taken together, our results demonstrate the utility and power of haploid genetics in A. thaliana.

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“…Haploids are meiotic products that are produced artificially through anther culture or spontaneously during sexual reproduction (Guha and Maheshwari 1964;Burk et al 1979;Maheshwari et al 1982). The chromosome numbers of haploids are usually doubled in vitro using chemical agents such as colchicine, but spontaneous production of doubled-haploid plants also occurs during anther culture.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pitfalls of genetic analysis using a doubled-haploid backcrossed to its parent

Hancock

2002

Theor Appl Genet

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A population derived from a doubled-haploid backcrossed to its parent has a unique genetic structure, which affects the mapping and genetic analysis of molecular-marker data. In such a cross: (1) repulsion linkages are reduced dramatically and can be detected only in restricted chromosome sections; each repulsion-linkage group represents a section of a chromosome carrying a crossover that occurred in the meiosis that produced the gamete from which the doubled-haploid was derived; (2) the number of coupling-linkage groups observed depends on how many crossovers occurred during the meiosis; the observed size of a linkage group will be only a fraction of a total chromosome if the chromosome carried in the doubled-haploid resulted from crossover exchanges; (3) the size covered by all the observed linkages is only equivalent to the haploid genome; and (4) the ratio of single-dose to multi-dose markers is inflated. These features have not been recognized in previous reports, resulting in misinterpretations in genetic mapping and analysis of the molecular-marker data. The ratio of single- to multi-dose markers has been used inappropriately to distinguish polyploid type.

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Maternal Haploids of Nicotiana tabacum L. from Seed

Cited by 81 publications

References 5 publications

Identification of maternal haploids of Nicotiana tabacum aided by transgenic expression of green fluorescent protein: evidence for chromosome elimination in the N. tabacum × N. africana interspecific cross

Identification of maternal haploids of Nicotiana tabacum aided by transgenic expression of green fluorescent protein: evidence for chromosome elimination in the N. tabacum × N. africana interspecific cross

A haploid genetics toolbox for Arabidopsis thaliana

Pitfalls of genetic analysis using a doubled-haploid backcrossed to its parent

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