Maternal glutamate intake during gestation and lactation regulates adenosine A1 and A2A receptors in rat brain from mothers and neonates

López-Zapata, Antonio; León, David; Castillo, Claudia; Albasanz, José Luís; Martı́n, Mairena

doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2011.09.045

Cited by 8 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…Pregnant Wistar rats (11–13 animals/group) were given drinking water containing 0 or 1,000 mg/L (equivalent to 0 and 120 mg/kg bw per day) of l ‐glutamate from GD 2 onwards during the whole gestational period and lactation (López‐Zapata et al., ). Half of the dams and their offspring changed treatment for the lactational period; that is glutamate solution was replaced by water or vice versa.…”

Section: Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Re‐evaluation of glutamic acid (E 620), sodium glutamate (E 621), potassium glutamate (E 622), calcium glutamate (E 623), ammonium glutamate (E 624) and magnesium glutamate (E 625) as food additives

Mortensen¹,

Aguilar²,

Crebelli³

et al. 2017

EFS2

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The EFSA Panel on Food Additives and Nutrient Sources added to Food (ANS) provides a scientific opinion re-evaluating the safety of glutamic acid-glutamates (E 620-625) when used as food additives. Glutamate is absorbed in the intestine and it is presystemically metabolised in the gut wall. No adverse effects were observed in the available short-term, subchronic, chronic, reproductive and developmental studies. The only effect observed was increased kidney weight and increased spleen weight; however, the increase in organ weight was not accompanied by adverse histopathological findings and, therefore, the increase in organ weight was not considered as an adverse effect. The Panel considered that glutamic acid-glutamates (E 620-625) did not raise concern with regards to genotoxicity. From a neurodevelopmental toxicity study, a no observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) of 3,200 mg monosodium glutamate/kg body weight (bw) per day could be identified. The Panel assessed the suitability of human data to be used for the derivation of a health-based guidance value. Although effects on humans were identified human data were not suitable due to the lack of dose-response data from which a dose without effect could be identified. Based on the NOAEL of 3,200 mg monosodium glutamate/kg bw per day from the neurodevelopmental toxicity study and applying the default uncertainty factor of 100, the Panel derived a group acceptable daily intake (ADI) of 30 mg/kg bw per day, expressed as glutamic acid, for glutamic acid and glutamates (E 620-625). The Panel noted that the exposure to glutamic acid and glutamates (E 620-625) exceeded not only the proposed ADI, but also doses associated with adverse effects in humans for some population groups.

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Section: Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Re‐evaluation of glutamic acid (E 620), sodium glutamate (E 621), potassium glutamate (E 622), calcium glutamate (E 623), ammonium glutamate (E 624) and magnesium glutamate (E 625) as food additives

Mortensen¹,

Aguilar²,

Crebelli³

et al. 2017

EFS2

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“…The effect of fever seizures on A 1 R and A 2A R was studied performing radioligand‐binding assays to cortical membranes from neonates following protocols described previously (López‐Zapata et al . ) with minor modifications. Cerebral cortical membranes were incubated with 5 U/mg adenosine deaminase in 50 mM Tris, 2 mM MgCl 2 , pH 7.4, for 30 min at 25°C, to remove endogenous adenosine.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hyperthermia‐induced seizures alter adenosine A₁ and A_2A receptors and 5′‐nucleotidase activity in rat cerebral cortex

León-Navarro

Albasanz

Martı́n

2015

Journal of Neurochemistry

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Febrile seizure is one of the most common convulsive disorders in children. The neuromodulator adenosine exerts anticonvulsant actions through binding adenosine receptors. Here, the impact of hyperthermia-induced seizures on adenosine A 1 and A 2A receptors and 5 0 -nucleotidase activity has been studied at different periods in the cerebral cortical area by using radioligand binding, real-time PCR, and 5 0 -nucleotidase activity assays. Hyperthermic seizures were induced in 13-day-old rats using a warmed air stream from a hair dryer.

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Potential Therapeutic Applications of Adenosine A_2A Receptor Ligands and Opportunities for A_2A Receptor Imaging

Waarde

Dierckx

Zhou

et al. 2017

Medicinal Research Reviews

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Adenosine A 2A receptors (A 2A Rs) are highly expressed in the human striatum, and at lower densities in the cerebral cortex, the hippocampus, and cells of the immune system. Antagonists of these receptors are potentially useful for the treatment of motor fluctuations, epilepsy, postischemic brain damage, or cognitive impairment, and for the control of an immune checkpoint during immunotherapy of cancer. A 2A R agonists may suppress transplant rejection and graft-versus-host disease; be used to treat inflammatory disorders such as asthma, inflammatory bowel disease, and rheumatoid arthritis; be locally applied to promote wound healing and be employed in a strategy for transient opening of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) so that therapeutic drugs and monoclonal antibodies can enter the brain. Increasing A 2A R signaling in adipose tissue is also a potential strategy to combat obesity. Several radioligands for positron emission tomography (PET) imaging of A 2A Rs have been developed in recent years. This review article presents a critical overview of the potential therapeutic applications of A 2A R ligands, the use of A 2A R imaging in drug development, and opportunities and limitations of PET imaging in future research. C

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Maternal glutamate intake during gestation and lactation regulates adenosine A1 and A2A receptors in rat brain from mothers and neonates

Cited by 8 publications

References 61 publications

Re‐evaluation of glutamic acid (E 620), sodium glutamate (E 621), potassium glutamate (E 622), calcium glutamate (E 623), ammonium glutamate (E 624) and magnesium glutamate (E 625) as food additives

Re‐evaluation of glutamic acid (E 620), sodium glutamate (E 621), potassium glutamate (E 622), calcium glutamate (E 623), ammonium glutamate (E 624) and magnesium glutamate (E 625) as food additives

Hyperthermia‐induced seizures alter adenosine A₁ and A_2A receptors and 5′‐nucleotidase activity in rat cerebral cortex

Potential Therapeutic Applications of Adenosine A_2A Receptor Ligands and Opportunities for A_2A Receptor Imaging

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Maternal glutamate intake during gestation and lactation regulates adenosine A1 and A2A receptors in rat brain from mothers and neonates

Cited by 8 publications

References 61 publications

Re‐evaluation of glutamic acid (E 620), sodium glutamate (E 621), potassium glutamate (E 622), calcium glutamate (E 623), ammonium glutamate (E 624) and magnesium glutamate (E 625) as food additives

Re‐evaluation of glutamic acid (E 620), sodium glutamate (E 621), potassium glutamate (E 622), calcium glutamate (E 623), ammonium glutamate (E 624) and magnesium glutamate (E 625) as food additives

Hyperthermia‐induced seizures alter adenosine A1 and A2A receptors and 5′‐nucleotidase activity in rat cerebral cortex

Potential Therapeutic Applications of Adenosine A2A Receptor Ligands and Opportunities for A2A Receptor Imaging

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Hyperthermia‐induced seizures alter adenosine A₁ and A_2A receptors and 5′‐nucleotidase activity in rat cerebral cortex

Potential Therapeutic Applications of Adenosine A_2A Receptor Ligands and Opportunities for A_2A Receptor Imaging