Maternal Exercise Improves Insulin Sensitivity in Mature Rat Offspring

Carter, Lindsay G.; Qi, Nathan; Cabo, Rafael de; Pearson, Kevin J.

doi:10.1249/mss.0b013e31827de953

Cited by 101 publications

(122 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…33 Conversely, maternal voluntary wheel running during pregnancy does not affect vascular function or voluntary activity in Sprague-Dawley male and female rat offspring. 34 Several rodent studies indicate that maternal exercise before and/or during gestation improves glucose homeostasis, 35,36 and insulin sensitivity 36 and decreases leptin concentrations in offspring. 37 Long lasting changes in the musculoskeletal system and adiposity are observed in Wistar rat offspring, especially in males, of exercised dams.…”

Section: Maternal Exercise and Offspring Metabolic Phenotypesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Homage to the ‘H’ in developmental origins of health and disease

Rosenfeld

2016

J Dev Orig Health Dis

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Abundant evidence exists linking maternal and paternal environments from pericopconception through the postnatal period to later risk to offspring diseases. This concept was first articulated by the late Sir David Barker and as such coined the Barker Hypothesis. The term was then mutated to Fetal Origins of Adult Disease and finally broadened to developmental origins of adult health and disease (DOHaD) in recognition that the perinatal environment can shape both health and disease in resulting offspring. Developmental exposure to various factors, including stress, obesity, caloric-rich diets and environmental chemicals can lead to detrimental offspring health outcomes. However, less attention has been paid to date on measures that parents can take to promote the long-term health of their offspring. In essence, have we neglected to consider the ‘H’ in DOHaD? It is the ‘H’ component that should be of primary concern to expecting mothers and fathers and those seeking to have children. While it may not be possible to eliminate exposure to all pernicious factors, prevention/remediation strategies may tip the scale to health rather than disease. By understanding disruptive DOHaD mechanisms, it may also illuminate behavioral modifications that parents can adapt before fertilization and throughout the neonatal period to promote the lifelong health of their male and female offspring. Three possibilities will be explored in the current review: parental exercise, probiotic supplementation and breastfeeding in the case of mothers. The ‘H’ paradigm should be the focus going forward as a healthy start can indeed last a lifetime.

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Section: Maternal Exercise and Offspring Metabolic Phenotypesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Homage to the ‘H’ in developmental origins of health and disease

Rosenfeld

2016

J Dev Orig Health Dis

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“…Previously published data from our lab indicates that exercise during pregnancy can have long -term effects on offspring metabolism such that adult offspring from exercised dams show improved glucose tolerance as well as enhanced insulin sensitivity compared to offspring from control dams [39][40]. We are currently exploring controlled exercise as a maternal intervention as well [41].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exercise Improves Glucose Disposal and Insulin Signaling in Pregnant Mice Fed a High Fat Diet

2015

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Objective-Physical activity has been suggested as a non-pharmacological intervention that can be used to improve glucose homeostasis in women with gestational diabetes mellitus. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of voluntary exercise on glucose tolerance and body composition in pregnant high fat diet fed mice.Methods-Female mice were put on a standard diet or high fat diet for two weeks. The mice were then split into 4 groups; control standard diet fed, exercise standard diet fed, control high fat diet fed, and exercise high fat diet fed. Exercise mice had voluntary access to a running wheel in their home cage one week prior to mating, during mating, and throughout pregnancy. Glucose tolerance and body composition were measured during pregnancy. Akt levels were quantified in skeletal muscle and adipose tissue isolated from saline or insulin injected pregnant dams as a marker for insulin signaling.

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“…Offspring of exercised dams had also, compared to offspring of sedentary dams, decreased insulin levels and hepatic glucose production during the clamp procedure, and increased glucose uptake in skeletal muscle, along with decreased heart glucose uptake in response to insulin infusion during the clamp procedure. Apparently Ex during pregnancy enhances offspring's insulin sensitivity and improves glucose homeostasis, which can decrease offspring susceptibility to insulin-resistant related diseases such as type-2 diabetes mellitus [44].…”

Section: Metabolic Consequences Of Exercise During Pregnancy In the Omentioning

confidence: 99%

Pregnancy, Exercise and Late Effects in the Offspring until Adult Age

Pařízková¹

2017

SOJGOW

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Maternal exercise during pregnancy as one of the critical periods can have significant delayed effect in the offsprring's fetal imprinting of future development until adult age; adequate and voluntary exercise is provided, not a forced one as a stress. Spontaneous physical activity of the offspring until adult age can be increased, and body composition, cardiac micro structure and reactibility (greater resistance to noxi), vasomotor function, glucose metabolism, insulin sensitivity along with related diseases (diabetes) can be positively influenced. Bone development and also the enhancement of brain function and learning sensitivity can be improved as revealed in a number of experimental model animal studies. Exercise during pregnancy was also shown to compensate in the offspring the detrimental effect of inadequate, e.g. high fat diets. Possibility of introducing significant modifications of the programming of the offspring's desirable development and health status by adequate and physiological maternal exercise during pregnancy was supported also by some observations in humans. Keywords IntroductionThe level of physical activity (PA) and exercise (Ex) is an important environmental stimulus which has significant effect on a number of metabolic, humoral, functional, morphological, psychological and other characteristics of the organism which can manifest not only at present, but also as delayed consequences when implemented since the very beginning of life. Such effects depend on the character, intensity, frequency, duration of PA régimes and/or Ex, and the reaction and consequences can be also further modified by eventual adaptation to them when applied gradually and repeatedly during appropriate periods of time. Increased physical fitness, reduced adiposity along with reduced metabolic, musculoskeletal and psychological problems can result from adequate exercise, especially when applied during growth [1,2]. On the other hand, sudden forced implementation of increased Ex can become a stress with undesirable results as revealed e.g. in experimental models [3,4,5].Previous studies on the impact of Ex which modifies significantly energy balance and turnover showed also that the earlier such a stimulus is implemented and the longer it lasts, the more apparent are its manifestations; the adequacy of such a stimulus is essential, and should always have a character as related to the level of development of the organism when Ex is started to be implemented. Moreover, this effect can appear and has a special character when applied through the régime of PA of the pregnant mother [3][4][5][6].Fetal origin hypothesis of morbidity [4,5,7,8,9] and metabolic imprinting by prenatal, perinatal and postnatal factors [6][7][8][9][10] concern also PA and Ex. Their impact can be transferred during pregnancy on the fetus due to physical activity régimes and reactive changes to them of the pregnant mother, and could manifest significantly in the offspring during its own postnatal period up to the adult age. The effect of PA ...

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Maternal Exercise Improves Insulin Sensitivity in Mature Rat Offspring

Cited by 101 publications

References 38 publications

Homage to the ‘H’ in developmental origins of health and disease

Homage to the ‘H’ in developmental origins of health and disease

Exercise Improves Glucose Disposal and Insulin Signaling in Pregnant Mice Fed a High Fat Diet

Pregnancy, Exercise and Late Effects in the Offspring until Adult Age

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