Maternal dietary patterns during pregnancy and body composition of the child at age 6 y: the Generation R Study

Broek, Marion van den; Leermakers, Elisabeth T.M.; Jaddoe, Vincent W. V.; Steegers, Eric A.P.; Rivadeneira, Fernando; Raat, Hein; Hofman, Albert; Franco, Oscar H.; Jong, Jessica C. Kiefte-de

doi:10.3945/ajcn.114.102905

Cited by 43 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Children of mothers who consumed a latent class 3 diet had an increased risk of being overweight or obese at 3 y of age; however, associations were attenuated after adjustment for important prenatal factors. Similarly, data from the Generation R study, a prospective cohort study in Dutch mother-child pairs, did not observe an association between maternal dietary patterns and child body composition at 6 y of age after adjustment for confounding factors, which included both maternal and childhood factors (12). Our study did not adjust for childhood factors because of our interest in the total effect of maternal dietary patterns on child growth variables, and childhood factors are potentially mediators of this association.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

“…Maternal dietary patterns during pregnancy were related to birth weight in 2 early studies in Danish and Japanese pregnant women (9,10); however, this association was not supported in a follow-up study in a diverse pregnancy cohort in the southern region of the United States (11). Similarly, a recent study that used data from the Generation R study found no association between maternal dietary patterns and child body composition at 6 y of age (12).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

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Maternal Dietary Patterns during Pregnancy Are Associated with Child Growth in the First 3 Years of Life

Martin

Siega‐Riz

Sotres-Álvarez

et al. 2016

The Journal of Nutrition

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Maternal Dietary Patterns during Pregnancy Are Associated with Child Growth in the First 3 Years of Life

Martin

Siega‐Riz

Sotres-Álvarez

et al. 2016

The Journal of Nutrition

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“…[118][119][120][121][122][123][124][125][126][127][128][129][130][131][132][133] Overall, although poor quality diets seem to have detrimental effects in the offspring, they are unlikely to be mediators of changes associated with maternal obesity but probably represent an independent risk factor. Studies have also evaluated the association between type of dietary fat and child health outcomes.…”

Section: Dietary Patterns and Nutrient Changesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Obesity and pregnancy: mechanisms of short term and long term adverse consequences for mother and child

Catalano

Shankar

2017

BMJ

852

749

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Obesity is the most common medical condition in women of reproductive age. Obesity during pregnancy has short term and long term adverse consequences for both mother and child. Obesity causes problems with infertility, and in early gestation it causes spontaneous pregnancy loss and congenital anomalies. Metabolically, obese women have increased insulin resistance in early pregnancy, which becomes manifest clinically in late gestation as glucose intolerance and fetal overgrowth. At term, the risk of cesarean delivery and wound complications is increased. Postpartum, obese women have an increased risk of venous thromboembolism, depression, and difficulty with breast feeding. Because 50-60% of overweight or obese women gain more than recommended by Institute of Medicine gestational weight guidelines, postpartum weight retention increases future cardiometabolic risks and prepregnancy obesity in subsequent pregnancies. Neonates of obese women have increased body fat at birth, which increases the risk of childhood obesity. Although there is no unifying mechanism responsible for the adverse perinatal outcomes associated with maternal obesity, on the basis of the available data, increased prepregnancy maternal insulin resistance and accompanying hyperinsulinemia, inflammation, and oxidative stress seem to contribute to early placental and fetal dysfunction. We will review the pathophysiology underlying these data and try to shed light on the specific underlying mechanisms.

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“…Retrospective studies have indicated that babies exposed to overnutrition during gestation have higher risks of developing obesity, diabetes and other complications in adult life. 13–16 In animal models, offspring of mothers exposed to overnutrition have common phenotypes that include catch-up growth, increased adiposity, impaired glucose tolerance, impaired insulin sensitivity and liver dysfunction. 5,17–20 Therefore, it is suggested that prevention of obesity may need to begin before pregnancy, 21–25 and thus there is an emerging need to evaluate the impact of maternal diet structure on offspring obesity and the risk of associated disorders.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A short-term transition from a high-fat diet to a normal-fat diet before pregnancy exacerbates female mouse offspring obesity

Olson

Rasmussen

et al. 2015

Int J Obes

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BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Recent findings have highlighted the detrimental influence of maternal overnutrition and obesity on fetal development and early life development. However, there are no evidence-based guidelines regarding the optimal strategy for dietary intervention before pregnancy. SUBJECTS/METHODS We used a murine model to study whether switching from a high-fat (HF) diet to a normal-fat (NF) diet (H1N group) 1 week before pregnancy could lead to in utero reprogramming of female offspring obesity; comparator groups were offspring given a consistent maternal HF group or NF group until weaning. After weaning, all female offspring were given the HF diet for either 9 or 12 weeks before being killed humanely. RESULTS H1N treatment did not result in maternal weight loss before pregnancy. NF offsprings were neither obese nor glucose intolerant during the entire experimental period. H1N offsprings were most obese after the 12-week postweaning HF diet and displayed glucose intolerance earlier than HF offsprings. Our mechanistic study showed reduced adipocyte insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS1) and hepatic IRS2 expression and increased adipocyte p-Ser636/639 and p-Ser612 of H1N or HF offspring compared with that in the NF offspring. Among all groups, the H1N offspring had lowest level of IRS1 and the highest levels of p-Ser636/639 and p-Ser612 in gonadal adipocyte. In addition, the H1N offspring further reduced the expression of Glut4 and Glut2, vs those of the HF offspring, which was lower compared with the NF offspring. There were also enhanced expression of genes inhibiting glycogenesis and decreased hepatic glycogen in H1N vs HF or NF offspring. Furthermore, we showed extremely higher expression of lipogenesis and adipogenesis genes in gonadal adipocytes of H1N offspring compared with all other groups. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that a transition from an HF diet to an NF diet shortly before pregnancy, without resulting in maternal weight loss, is not necessarily beneficial and may have deleterious effects on offspring.

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Maternal dietary patterns during pregnancy and body composition of the child at age 6 y: the Generation R Study

Abstract: Our results suggest that the associations between maternal dietary patterns during pregnancy and body composition of the child at age 6 y are to a large extent explained by sociodemographic and lifestyle factors of mother and child.

Cited by 43 publications

References 33 publications

Maternal Dietary Patterns during Pregnancy Are Associated with Child Growth in the First 3 Years of Life

Maternal Dietary Patterns during Pregnancy Are Associated with Child Growth in the First 3 Years of Life

Obesity and pregnancy: mechanisms of short term and long term adverse consequences for mother and child

A short-term transition from a high-fat diet to a normal-fat diet before pregnancy exacerbates female mouse offspring obesity

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