Maternal dietary docosahexanoic acid content affects the rat pup auditory system

Haubner, Laura; Stockard, Janet E.; Saste, Monisha D.; Benford, Valerie J; Phelps, Christopher; Chen, Li T.; Barness, Lewis A.; Wiener, Doris; Carver, Jane D.

doi:10.1016/s0361-9230(01)00764-x

Cited by 54 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…These results support previous findings that excess maternal ω-3 FA during pregnancy and lactation had adverse ABR effects in rat pups [20,40,44]. Our results extend these previous studies in several ways.…”

Section: Effects On the Abrsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…This allowed the testing of sex-dependent differences and controlled for within-litter effects by limiting the number of pups tested from any one litter. Rat pups were ABR-tested on PND 24 to simulate the studies by Stockard and her colleagues [20,40,44]. The rat ABR is well-developed by PND 24 [16].…”

Section: Abr Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The ABR is a sensitive measure of peripheral and central neurotoxicity, auditory function [13] and brain maturation [16]. We sought to expand the findings of Stockard and colleagues [20,40,44] by adding a deficient ω-3 FA group as a negative control group, using different tone pip frequencies instead of click stimuli to see at which tonal frequencies beneficial and/or adverse effects occur, controlling for the confounding variables of body temperature and within-litter effects, and looking at ABR thresholds instead of ABR latencies. ABR thresholds are a measure of a subject's hearing acuity [13,15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Prenatal and/or postnatal dietary supplementation with excess ω-3 FA can reduce birth weight, impair postnatal growth, increase pre-and postnatal mortality, decrease brain sizes, decrease AA levels, decrease brain myelination and/or cause abnormal neurobehavioral function [20,34,36,49,51] and abnormal retinal function [25,52]. ABR studies investigating excess ω-3 FA supplementation in pregnant and lactating rats reported that the offspring had prolonged ABR wave latencies as well as a delay in the acoustic startle reflex and a decrease in brain AA concentrations when tested as postweanling pups [20,40,44]. The prolonged brainstem neural transmission times was related to impaired myelination [20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…ABR studies investigating excess ω-3 FA supplementation in pregnant and lactating rats reported that the offspring had prolonged ABR wave latencies as well as a delay in the acoustic startle reflex and a decrease in brain AA concentrations when tested as postweanling pups [20,40,44]. The prolonged brainstem neural transmission times was related to impaired myelination [20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reduced auditory acuity in rat pups from excess and deficient omega-3 fatty acid consumption by the mother

Church

Jen

Stafferton

et al. 2007

Neurotoxicology and Teratology

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Consumption of the nutrients omega-3 fatty acids (ω-3 FA) during pregnancy and lactation is considered beneficial to fetal and infant development. It may also reduce the incidence and severity of preterm births by prolonging gestational length. However several recent human and animal studies have reported that over-supplementation with ω-3 FA, especially in the form of fish oil, can have adverse effects on fetal and infant development and the auditory brainstem response (ABR). Our goal was to assess further the effects of ω-3 FA excess and deficiency during pregnancy and lactation on the offspring's auditory acuity as evidenced by their ABR thresholds. Female Wistar rats were given diets that were either deficient, adequate (control) or excess in ω-3 FA from day 1 of pregnancy through lactation. The offspring were ABR-tested at the postnatal age of 24 days. The rat pups in the Excess treatment condition had significantly elevated (worse) ABR thresholds, postnatal growth restriction, and a trend for increased postnatal mortality in comparison to the Control group. The Deficient group was intermediate. In conclusion, excess or deficient amounts of ω-3 FA during pregnancy and lactation in the laboratory rat adversely affected the offspring's auditory acuity. Postnatal thriving was also adversely affected. Consuming or administering large or inadequate amounts of ω-3 FA during pregnancy and lactation seems inadvisable because of the potential for adverse effects on infant development.

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Section: Effects On the Abrsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Abr Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Reduced auditory acuity in rat pups from excess and deficient omega-3 fatty acid consumption by the mother

Church

Jen

Stafferton

et al. 2007

Neurotoxicology and Teratology

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Essential fatty acid supplementation of DHA and ARA and effects on neurodevelopment across animal species: a review of the literature

Davis-Bruno

Tassinari

2011

Birth Defects Research Pt B

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Docosahexanoic acid (DHA) and arachidonic acid (ARA) are long chain essential fatty acids used as supplements in commercial infant formula. DHA/ARA deficient states are associated with adverse neurological outcomes in animals and humans. Preterm infants are at risk for DHA/ARA deficiency. A few clinical reports on the effects of fatty acid supplementation have shown benefit in preterm, low birth weight, and normal infants in the first year of life, whereas others did not. Studies in animals have reported shortened gestation, fetal growth retardation, reduced infant body mass, and increased fetal mortality with consumption of fatty acids during pregnancy. To understand the data that support fatty acid supplementation in infant formula, a review of the animal model literature was undertaken, to examine the effects of DHA/ARA on neurodevelopment, including the effects on visual acuity. Several points emerged from this review. (1) Animal studies indicate that requirements for DHA/ARA vary depending on developmental age. Alterations of the ratio of DHA/ARA can impact developmental outcome. (2) The available studies suggest that while supplementation of DHA/ARA in an appropriate ratio can increase tissue levels of these fatty acids in the brain and retina, tissues sensitive to depletion of fatty acids, the benefit of routine supplementation remains unclear. Few studies measure functional outcome relative to changes in physiologic pools of DHA/ARA after supplementation. (3) Animal literature does not support a clear long-term benefit of replenishing DHA/ARA tissue levels and administration of these fatty acids at concentrations above those in human milk suggests adverse effects on growth, survival, and neurodevelopment.

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The effects of Cannabis sativa L. seed (hemp seed) on reproductive and neurobehavioral end points in rats

Yousofi¹,

Saberivand²,

Becker³

et al. 2011

Developmental Psychobiology

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This study determined the effects of maternal dietary intake of hemp seed on reproductive and neurobehavioral end points of Wistar rats. Time-mated rats were fed 100% hemp seed (n = 15), 50% hemp seed (n = 15) or basal diet (n = 15) once a day. The amount of food made available was based on control feed consumption records. All dams remained on their respective diets from premating (14 days) throughout gestation and lactation. After weaning, all pups were given their maternal diet until puberty. Mating and delivery weights of dams in all groups did not show significant changes. Number of pregnancies, number and post-natal survival rate of total rat pups, litter size and milk yield were lower in the group that received 100% hemp seed. Offspring that received 50% hemp seed diet expressed reproductive and neurobehavioral end points from a modified Fox battery earlier than rats on 100% hemp seed or basal diet, except acoustic startle results where no differences appeared. In conclusion, this study shows that hemp seed supplementation does not improve the reproductive and neurobehavioral performances of rats. Pregnant women and nursing mothers should be cautious about the using of Cannabis sativa L. byproducts in their diets.

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Maternal dietary docosahexanoic acid content affects the rat pup auditory system

Cited by 54 publications

References 25 publications

Reduced auditory acuity in rat pups from excess and deficient omega-3 fatty acid consumption by the mother

Reduced auditory acuity in rat pups from excess and deficient omega-3 fatty acid consumption by the mother

Essential fatty acid supplementation of DHA and ARA and effects on neurodevelopment across animal species: a review of the literature

The effects of Cannabis sativa L. seed (hemp seed) on reproductive and neurobehavioral end points in rats

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