Maternal and Perinatal Outcomes of COVID-19-Positive Pregnant Women

Abstract

BackgroundThe risks of adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes are not very clear in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-positive pregnant women. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the maternal and fetal outcomes in COVID-19-positive pregnancies. MethodologyThis prospective, cohort study was conducted in a tertiary care center over the period of one year. The study group comprised pregnant patients who presented with COVID-19 in the first and second waves of the pandemic. Maternal symptoms due to COVID-19 infection, comorbidities, number of admissions to the intensive care unit (ICU), and maternal mortality were noted for every patient. Perinatal outcomes were recorded in the form of intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR), mode of delivery, preterm deliveries, birth weight of newborns, neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admissions, and neonatal mortality. Data analysis was done in the form of a variable percentage and mean ± standard deviation (SD). ResultsCOVID-19-positive pregnant patients were mostly asymptomatic (48.07%). Term deliveries (37-40 weeks) were seen in 44 (89.8%) patients. The percentage of normal vaginal delivery was 74% and cesarean section was 24%. Out of 52 patients, two (3.8%) patients were admitted to the high dependency unit (HDU), one (1.9%) patient was admitted to the ICU, and 49 (94.3%) patients were in the isolation ward. Of the 49 live births, four (8.16%) newborns were admitted to the NICU. No neonatal death was recorded. ConclusionsIn this study, COVID-19-pregnant women were mostly asymptomatic. Neonates of COVID-19-infected women also mostly tested COVID-19 negative. More studies are needed with larger sample sizes to determine the effect of COVID-19 infection in pregnant women and neonates.

Intrauterine Growth Restriction and other pregnancy complications following covid-19 infection

“…Twenty-eight out of 43 cases (65.1%) of the COVID-19 group were admitted to the ICU. The median (range) of hospitalization days was 5 (1-20) and ICU days were 5 Discussion SARS-CoV-2 infection is an in ammatory process that is presented with proin ammatory changes such as increased Th2 cell-associated cytokinesand the increase of IgG and IgA has been observed about 2 weeks after infection with human coronaviruswhich affects multiple organs and the systems of the body (1,3).The effect of Covid-19 on pregnancy outcomes is not exactly speci ed(8).Due to changes in the immune and cardiorespiratory system during pregnancy, pregnant women and newborns may be more susceptibleand vulnerable to Covid-19infection (9).…”

“…Studies have shown that pregnant women may be vulnerable to the adverse effects of . De nitive evidence of Mother-to-child vertical transmission of SARS-CoV infection is not available in the available data, but some pregnancy complications such as premature birth, risk of miscarriage, intrauterine death, intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR),low birth weight, spontaneous abortion, and mortality have been reported through mothers with 9). Some studies have also shown that maternal covid-19 can affect fetal oxygen supply and lead to placental insu ciency, IUGR, or fetal death(8).Children with IUGR are at greater risk for long-term problems such as short stature, metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes, insulin resistance, and cardiovascular diseases (10,11).…”

Avaliação das condições sistêmica e bucal de mulheres durante a gestação e o peso do bebê ao nascer: uma coorte prospectiva

“…Também é relatado na literatura que a infecção pelo vírus durante a gravidez é perigosa a qualquer momento, mas principalmente no terceiro trimestre, o qual aumenta um risco de um dano placentário podendo gerar aborto espontâneo, parto prematuro e natimorto (ARTHURS, JANKOVIC-KARASOULOS, ROBERTS, 2021). É importante destacar que alguns estudos demonstraram que a COVID-19 se apresentou assintomática em muitas gestantes (AMBEDKAR et al, 2023;SHREE et al, 2022), o que pode ter causado um viés no presente estudo.…”