Maternal Active Smoking During Pregnancy and Low Birth Weight in the Americas: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Abstract

A previous search of the major electronic databases revealed that no studies appear to have been conducted to summarize the association between maternal active smoking during pregnancy and low birth weight within the Americas. Therefore, this systematic review may help to fill the information gap. The region of the Americas contains some of the most populous countries in the world; therefore, this study may provide useful data from this massive segment of the world's population.

Lifestyle and Psychological Factors Associated with Pregnancy Intentions: Findings from a Longitudinal Cohort Study of Australian Women

“…Preconception is a critical time for healthy lifestyle behaviours and positive psychological well-being as these reduce risks for adverse maternal and offspring outcomes during and after pregnancy. Smoking, alcohol intake, diet, and physical activity are all modifiable preconception lifestyle risk factors [1][2][3][4][5][6]. Poorer psychological well-being is associated with poorer lifestyle before and during pregnancy [7][8][9], as well as being a risk factor for postnatal mood disorders and associated complications such as poor child cognitive, physical, and behavioural outcomes [10][11][12].…”

“…Consequently, this study sought to address three clear gaps in the literature and provide novel insights into preconception lifestyle and psychological well-being: (1) to explore prospective pregnancy intentions in an Australian cohort; (2) to explore parenthood aspirations as a preconception concept, which to date have been predominantly investigated in younger student samples and have not focused on lifestyle or psychological factors [24][25][26]; and (3) to incorporate multiple psychological factors into a model of modifiable factors associated with prospectively measured pregnancy intentions. Understanding the characteristics of Australian women before pregnancy will contribute to the development of relevant individual and public health strategies to promote health preconception.…”

Pregnancy Outcome after Exposure to Migalastat for Fabry Disease: A Clinical Report

“…In May 2012, the patient enrolled in the ATTRACT trial and was randomly assigned to migalastat HCl (150 mg QOD) [8]. At enrollment, 24-h urine protein was 83 mg/24 h. In accordance with the study protocol, the patient agreed to use hormonal is unknown; however, the patient smoked during her pregnancy, which is known to be associated with low birth weight [15,16]. To our knowledge, there is no report of an association between low birth weight and Fabry disease and normal birth weight has been reported for Fabry-complicated pregnancies [17].…”

Grávidas Fumadoras. Uma prioridade e um desafio para os médicos de família

“…O tabagismo ativo materno durante a gravidez afeta negativamente o peso da criança à nascença e aumenta os riscos de aborto espontâneo, gravidez ectópica, descolamento prematuro da placenta, parto prematuro, restrição de crescimento intrauterino, anomalias congénitas e distúrbios respiratórios. 1 Nos EUA, nos últimos 50 anos, mais de 100.000 mortes causadas pelo tabaco foram de bebés que morreram de síndroma de morte súbita infantil ou outras condições de saúde relacionadas com o tabaco.Apesar de ter reduzido nas últimas décadas, anualmente mais de 400.000 fetos nos EUA são expostos in útero ao tabaco. 2 Segundo dados do Public Health London, fumar durante a gravidez causa anualmente no Reino Unido 2.200 partos pré-termo, 5.000 abortos e 300 mortes no período perinatal.…”

“…4 A prevalência de consumo ativo de tabaco nas mulheres grávidas foi estimada até 25% em todo o mundo. 1 Em Portugal, de acordo com Alves e colaboradores, que estudaram uma amostra de grávidas de cinco maternidades do Porto em 2005-2006 e as seguiram durante quatro anos, obtiveram-se os seguintes resultados: 22,9% de grávidas a fumarem antes da gravidez, 47,4% pararam de fumar ao saberem que estavam grávidas, 41,7% reduziu durante a gravidez, 11% mantevese a fumar e 33% voltaram a fumar depois do parto. Quanto mais cigarros e menos escolaridade menos pararam de fumar.…”