Materials used in Heat Pipe

Babu, N. Narendra; Kamath, H.C.

doi:10.1016/j.matpr.2015.07.072

Cited by 21 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The ease of local manufacturing and low cost allows the implementation of a modular design for the insulating layer, increasing the simplicity of replacements and reducing degradation issues. A more in depth overview of the relevant parameters to heat pipe design and material construction is given in [83]. The anti-gravity operation of heat pipe A is based on previously published work which showed excellent experimental performance, with efficiency values extrapolated based on reactor-specific working conditions [84].…”

Section: Heat Pipesmentioning

confidence: 99%

SPEAR (Solar Pyrolysis Energy Access Reactor): Theoretical Design and Evaluation of a Small-Scale Low-Cost Pyrolysis Unit for Implementation in Rural Communities

Caputo

Mašek

2021

Energies

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Energy access and waste management are two of the most pressing developmental and environmental issues on a global level to help mitigate the accelerating impacts of climate change. They are particularly relevant in Sub–Saharan Africa where electrification rates are significantly below global averages and rural areas are lacking a formal waste management sector. This paper explores the potential of integrating solar energy into a biomass pyrolysis unit as a potentially synergetic solution to both issues. The full design of a slow pyrolysis batch reactor targeted at biochar production, following a strict cost minimization approach, is presented in light of the relevant considerations. SPEAR is powered using a Cassegrain optics parabolic dish system, integrated into the reactor via a manual tracking system and optically optimized with a Monte-Carlo ray tracing methodology. The design approach employed has led to the development an overall cost efficient system, with the potential to achieve optical efficiencies up 72% under a 1.5° tracking error. The outputs of the system are biochar and electricity, to be used for soil amendment and energy access purposes, respectively. There is potential to pyrolyze a number of agricultural waste streams for the region, producing at least 5 kg of biochar per unit per day depending on the feedstock employed. Financial assessment of SPEAR yields a positive Net Present Value (NPV) in nearly all scenarios evaluated and a reasonable competitiveness with small scale solar for electrification objectives. Finally, SPEAR presents important positive social and environmental externalities and should be feasibly implementable in the region in the near term.

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Section: Heat Pipesmentioning

confidence: 99%

SPEAR (Solar Pyrolysis Energy Access Reactor): Theoretical Design and Evaluation of a Small-Scale Low-Cost Pyrolysis Unit for Implementation in Rural Communities

Caputo

Mašek

2021

Energies

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“…The inner working medium of the heat pipe can be liquid alkali metals, such as lithium, sodium, potassium, cesium, mercury, or even silver, which have been studied for high-temperature applications over 773 24 and 1273 K. 25 Basic properties of these working fluids were summarized by Narenda, 26 in which the alkali metals are favorable since they are cheaper compared with silver and safer compared with mercury. Moreover, certain working fluids have their own compatible and incompatible structural materials that were also summarized by Narenda.…”

Section: Heat Pipementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, certain working fluids have their own compatible and incompatible structural materials that were also summarized by Narenda. 26 Na, K, and Li combinations are often used in current research and designs for their moderate temperature range and lower cost compared with Ag combinations, for relative lower chemical activity compared with Cs, and for nontoxicity compared with Hg combinations.…”

Section: Heat Pipementioning

confidence: 99%

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Neutron physics of the liquid‐fuel heat‐pipe reactor concept with molten salt fuel—Static calculations

et al. 2019

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Summary A liquid‐fuel heat‐pipe reactor (LFHPR) is a novel fast heterogeneous reactor developed by Harbin Engineering University, China, on the basis of liquid‐fuel reactor designs and the heat‐pipe reactor concept. In the concept, the reactor abandons the graphite moderator and keeps neither fuel tubes arranged in the graphite nor fuel rings around the heat pipe. Instead, the reactor applies molten salt fuels, molten metallic eutectic fuels, or other fuels in liquid form. The heat generated in the reactor is removed by the heat pipes driven by liquid metals. With this change, an LFHPR is much more flexible in design and application and able to achieve several advanced features compared with conventional heat‐pipe reactors. In this paper, we describe the general reactor design of an LFHPR, discuss its potential advantages, and give a preliminary verification of the neutron physical feasibility for the reference case, which uses molten salt as the fuel, by using both Monte Carlo and deterministic methods. Results show that the LFHPR yields a hard neutron spectrum that brings a very good neutron economy and is a promising application for breeding. From our approach, we conclude that the proposed LFHPR has a very high power density and high negative temperature feedback coefficient.

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“…[ 10 ] However, with the development of terrestrial and portable electronics, traditional metals could no longer be the best choice because lightweight has become the first priority in these applications. [ 8,11 ] Currently, several attempts have been made to lighten heat pipes by using light‐metal and alloys, epoxy‐impregnated carbon fiber with thin aluminum shells or metal/matrix composites. [ 8 ] However, light‐metal suffers from issues such as corrosion and low thermal conductivity, [ 10 ] while the incorporation of epoxy or polymer matrix sharply increases thermal resistance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A lightweight and high thermal performance graphene heat pipe

Chen

et al. 2020

Nano Select

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Heat pipe is one of the most efficiency tools for heat dissipation in power systems. Currently, heat pipes are usually made of copper or aluminum. However, due to their relatively high density and limited heat transmission capacity, heat pipes are facing urgent challenges in power electronics. In this paper, a new class of graphene enhanced heat pipe that can cope with these issues is reported. The graphene enhanced heat pipe is made of high thermal conductivity graphene assembled film with nanostructure enhanced inner surfaces. The study shows that the dramatically improved heat dissipation capacity, 7230 W m−2 K−1 g−1, about 3.5 times higher than that of copper based commercial heat pipes can be achieved. This paves the way for using graphene enhanced heat pipe in lightweight and large capacity cooling applications, as required in many systems such as automotive electronics, hand‐sets and space electronics.

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Materials used in Heat Pipe

Cited by 21 publications

References 13 publications

SPEAR (Solar Pyrolysis Energy Access Reactor): Theoretical Design and Evaluation of a Small-Scale Low-Cost Pyrolysis Unit for Implementation in Rural Communities

SPEAR (Solar Pyrolysis Energy Access Reactor): Theoretical Design and Evaluation of a Small-Scale Low-Cost Pyrolysis Unit for Implementation in Rural Communities

Neutron physics of the liquid‐fuel heat‐pipe reactor concept with molten salt fuel—Static calculations

A lightweight and high thermal performance graphene heat pipe

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