Materials used in drinking water distribution systems: contribution to taste-and-odor

Abstract

In order to assist drinking water utilities with identifying the possible sources and causes of taste-and-odor conditions associated with materials used in distribution systems, we evaluated information from case studies and a database from the National Sanitation Foundation (NSF), International. This database identified chemicals that had leached from drinking water system components during testing of materials under ANSI/NSF Standard 61, which provides information to water utilities on potential taste-and-odor and health concerns from the use of new materials. The data were arranged to provide a process for locating the potential source of a taste-and-odor event. After a sensory analysis is conducted on the drinking water samples, the descriptor can be matched with categories on the "Drinking Water Taste and Odor Wheel 2000" in order to suggest the candidate material.

Chemical quality and regulatory compliance of drinking water in Iceland

“…Metals and organic pollutants have been shown to leach from material used in the drinking water system (Tomboulian et al, 2004;WHO, 2011). For example iron from iron pipes, nickel and chromium from plated taps, copper and antimony from solder, lead from joints and sealing, vinyl chloride monomer from PVC plastic pipes and trichloroethylene (TCE) from polyethylene plastic pipes.…”

“…For example iron from iron pipes, nickel and chromium from plated taps, copper and antimony from solder, lead from joints and sealing, vinyl chloride monomer from PVC plastic pipes and trichloroethylene (TCE) from polyethylene plastic pipes. Antimony has been shown to leach from concrete and plastics including plastic bottles and temperature has a significant effect on release (Tomboulian et al, 2004;Westerhoff et al, 2008;Reimann et al, 2010;Reimann et al, 2012). Frengstad et al (2010) report that the median concentrations of antimony in both Nordic and European bottled water to be ten to fifteen times higher than in Nordic tap water, indicating leaching of antimony from plastic bottles.…”

Les goûts et les odeurs dans l’eau potable : revue des composés responsables et des techniques de mesure

“…Des matériaux organiques utilisés dans les réseaux d'eau potable, en raison de leur résistance à la corrosion, peuvent être constitués de chlorure de polyvinyle (PVC), de chlorure de polyvinyle chloré (CPVC-C), de polyéthylène à haute densité (HPDE), de polyéthylène réticulé (PEX) et de polybutylène. Ces produits peuvent libérer du toluène, de l'acétone et de la méthylisobutylecétone TOMBOULIAN et al, 2004).…”

Application Of Numerical Modeling In Quantitative Assessment Of BHT Dispersion In PE-HD Pipes

“…In order to improve mechanical and physical properties and to extend the life of pipes made of PE-HD to the material at the stage of production, organic and inorganic compounds such as: stabilizers or fillers are added [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11]. Stabilizers are substances designed to improve polymer resistance to aging in time of its processing as well as during the use of material.…”

“…Research results presented in numerous studies show that organic compounds migrating into water can cause changes in its organoleptic properties, eg deterioration of taste and smell [6,8,[17][18][19][20][21]. Compounds responsible for the deterioration of the organoleptic properties of water include BHT antioxidant (4-methyl-2,6-di-tert-butyphenol), or products of its degradation, alkylobenzenes, ketones or esters [22].…”