Materials flow and possibilities of treating liquid and solid wastes from slaughterhouses in Germany. A review

Slaughterhouse Wastewater Characterization and Treatment: An Economic and Public Health Necessity of the Meat Processing Industry in Ontario, Canada

“…Slaughterhouse effluents are considered detrimental worldwide due to its complex composition of fats, proteins, and fibers, as well as the presence of organics, nutrients, pathogenic and non-pathogenic microorganisms, detergents and disinfectants used for cleaning activities, and pharmaceuticals for veterinary purposes [9]. Therefore, the treatment and disposal of wastewater from slaughterhouses and meat processing plants are an economic and public health necessity [10].…”

Sustainability of Wastewater Treatment and Excess Sludge Handling Practices in the Federated States of Micronesia

“…Of the components usually found in these effluents, blood can be considered as the most problematic due to its capacity to inhibit floc formation during physicochemical wastewater treatment and its high biochemical (BOD 5 , biochemical oxygen demand during decomposition over a 5-day period) and chemi-cal oxygen demand (COD). In fact, even with correct handling during meat processing, this activity generates 2.0 and 0.5 liters of blood as effluent for each bovine animal and pig, respectively (Tritt & Schuchardt, 1992). The treatment of both the solid wastes and the wastewater from the meat processing industry represents one of the greatest concerns associated with the agro-industrial sector globally, mainly due to the restrictions that international trade regulations have imposed over their use and the related environmental issues.…”

“…Since biomass is produced by the photosynthetic reduction of carbon dioxide, its utilization as biofuel can essentially be carbon neutral with respect to the build-up of atmospheric greenhouse gases, increasing both the demand for the characterization of alternative fuels and encouraging the proliferation of scientific papers concerned with this subject (Demirbas, 2004(Demirbas, , 2005 Brazil is currently implementing advanced programs aimed at the use of biomass energy, and several experimental and commercial projects are being implemented, such as those presented by Lora and Andrade (2009), to provide important information in order to overcome the technical and commercial barriers which inhibit the extensive implementation of bioenergy. The solid wastes produced by the meat industry have been applied mostly to the production of animal feed, which include the slaughter wastes and the wastewater treatment solids as main ingredients (Johns, 1995;Tritt and Schuchardt, 1992). However, diseases such as BSE (Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy) have led to restrictions over the use of these wastes for feed production.…”

Toxicity Assessment of Treated Meat Industry Wastewater in the Anaerobic Process

“…Meat industry wastewaters composition is strong compared to domestic wastewater. The wastewater generated in meat processing plants contain high amounts of biodegradable organic matter, usually varying from 1100 to 2400 mg/dm 3 in terms of BOD, with the soluble fraction varying from 40 to 60% [10,13]. The physical nature of these wastewaters has been studies by Sayed et al [14], who have shown that if the COD of screened (1 mm mesh) effluent, 40÷50% was present as coarse, suspended matter, which was insoluble and slowly biodegradable, and the remainder is present as colloidal and soluble matter.…”

“…The consumption of water per slaughtered animal varies according to the animal and the process employed in each industry, and ranges from 1.0 to 8.3 m 3 . Meat processing plants use approximately 62 Mm 3 /y of water [8,[10][11][12]. Meat industry wastewaters composition is strong compared to domestic wastewater.…”