Material transfer phenomena and failure mechanisms of a nanostructured Cr–Al–N coating in laboratory wear tests and an industrial punch tool application

Wang, L.; Nie, Xueyuan; Housden, J.; Spain, E.; Jiang, J. C.; Meletis, Efstathios I.; Leyland, A.; Matthews, A.

doi:10.1016/j.surfcoat.2008.05.045

Cited by 50 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…12b) is slightly rougher, indicating debris entrainment. This, together with the higher ratio of hardness to (reduced) elastic modulus of CrAlN (0.103) compared to TiN (0.066), may be contributory factors to the remarkable performance of the former [41,42]. Fig.…”

Section: Analysis Of Wear Tracks and Ball Surfacementioning

confidence: 98%

A study of the reciprocating-sliding wear performance of plasma surface treated titanium alloy

Cassar

Wilson²,

Banfield

et al. 2010

Wear

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a b s t r a c tTriode plasma nitriding was used in conjunction with electron-beam plasma-assisted physical vapour deposition of TiN and CrAlN to enhance the wear resistance of Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy. Linear reciprocating-sliding ball-on-plate wear tests were performed to assess the tribological performance of the treated alloy. Wear volumes were correlated to changes in coefficient of friction, which is often indicative of breakdown of the surface treatment. Debris generated during wear testing was characterised using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and laser diffraction for particle size analysis. Surface micro-profilometry and SEM were used to characterise the wear scars. The results obtained indicate that, in order to assess the relative improvement in wear behaviour attained by using surface treatments it is insufficient to compare linear wear rates alone. A clear comparison is only possible if testing is carried out in steps of increasing sliding distance, until the treated/deposited layers have been completely removed. Also, it is shown that the number of repeated tests necessary to evaluate clearly the treatment and/or coating can vary substantially, depending on the observed test progression; typically this necessitates the greatest number of repeats around the point of wear at which the ball counterface contact area is in transition from the treatment layer(s) to the substrate bulk. The inherent variability in wear performance under linear ballon-plate reciprocating-sliding is correlated to debris generation, changes in relative humidity -and the resultant wear mechanisms involved.

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Section: Analysis Of Wear Tracks and Ball Surfacementioning

confidence: 98%

A study of the reciprocating-sliding wear performance of plasma surface treated titanium alloy

Cassar

Wilson²,

Banfield

et al. 2010

Wear

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“…CrAlN have proven to be effective protective coatings for machining applications of hard-to-cut materials where elevated stress and temperature appear on the cutting tool surface or when dry operations are demanded [3][4][5][6][7][8]. The incorporation of Al to CrN promotes higher hardness, thermal and chemical stability, allowing increased efficiency of cutting and forming tools [9][10][11]. The relative concentration of Al inside the coating, Al/(Al+Cr), is tried to be fixed below 0.7 in order to form the metastable solid solution of Al inside the face-centered cubic (fcc) CrN lattice [12,13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tribological behaviour at high temperature of hard CrAlN coatings doped with Y or Zr

et al. 2014

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“…Hard coatings can protect the steel surface very efficiently from physicochemical attacks and delay the formation and propagation of thermal and mechanical cracks [1]. In recent years, chromium aluminum nitride (CrAlN), a ternary nitride obtained by incorporating Al into transition binary CrN thin coatings, has been intensively investigated [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11]. CrAlN coatings have been reported to exhibit good oxidation-resistance with no compositional and structural changes after annealing at 800 C [5] and at 900 C [8], as both the chromium and aluminum could form protective oxides which suppressed diffusion of oxygen in the bulk.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…CrAlN coatings have been reported to exhibit good oxidation-resistance with no compositional and structural changes after annealing at 800 C [5] and at 900 C [8], as both the chromium and aluminum could form protective oxides which suppressed diffusion of oxygen in the bulk. In addition, CrAlN also exhibits thermal conductivity lowers than that of CrN, good tribological properties and high hardness [6,7]. Therefore, CrAlN coating is a good candidate as an alternative to conventional Vacuum CrN coatings, especially for high temperature oxidation-resistance applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlation between thermal properties and aluminum fractions in CrAlN layers deposited by PVD technique

Tlili

Nasri²,

Nouveau

et al. 2010

Vacuum

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is an open access repository that collects the work of Arts et Métiers ParisTech researchers and makes it freely available over the web where possible. The CrAlN coatings are a good alternative to conventional CrN coatings especially for high temperature oxidation-resistance applications. Different CrAlN coatings were deposited on silicon (100) by PVD (Physical vapor deposition) technique from two targets (chromium and aluminum) in a reactive nitrogen atmosphere at aluminum applied negative voltage (À300, À500, À700 and À900 V). The composition, structural, mechanical and thermal properties of the as-deposited coatings were systematically characterized by energy dispersive analysis of X-rays, X-ray diffraction, nanoindentation, and the ''Mirage effect'' experiments. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) data show that in general CrAlN coatings were crystallized in the cubic NaCl B1 structure, with the (1 1 1) and (2 0 0) diffraction peaks observed. Two-dimensional surface morphologies of CrAlN coatings were investigated by atomic force microscope (AFM). The results show that with increasing aluminum proportion the coatings became more compact and denser and their increased correspondingly, showing a maximum hardness of about 36 GPa (30 at% of Al) which is higher than that of CrN. Moreover, the results in this work demonstrate that the variation of aluminum fraction alter the resulting columnar grain morphology and porosity of the coatings. However, the thermal properties are greatly affected by these morphological alterations. The correlation between aluminum fraction in CrAlN coatings and its thermal properties revealed that the conductivity and the diffusivity are influenced primarily by size and shape distribution of the pores and secondarily by a decrease of the stitch parameter dimension.

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Material transfer phenomena and failure mechanisms of a nanostructured Cr–Al–N coating in laboratory wear tests and an industrial punch tool application

Cited by 50 publications

References 23 publications

A study of the reciprocating-sliding wear performance of plasma surface treated titanium alloy

A study of the reciprocating-sliding wear performance of plasma surface treated titanium alloy

Tribological behaviour at high temperature of hard CrAlN coatings doped with Y or Zr

Correlation between thermal properties and aluminum fractions in CrAlN layers deposited by PVD technique

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