Abstract:The interfacial mechanics at the bone-implant interface is a critical issue for implant fixation and the filling of bone defects created by tumors and/or their excision. Our previous study found that micron and nano sizes MgO particles improved the fracture toughness of bone-cement interfaces under tension loading. The strength of bonding of different types of bone with different types of implants may not be the same. The aims of this research were to determine the influences of material mismatch due to bone o… Show more
“…This observed difference of the K C values between Ti-PMMA samples with and without fibers is due to the differences in surface roughness at the interfaces of This behavior is consistent with published research, 8,14,[16][17][18] where it was found that increased surface roughness helped strengthen the interfacial mechanical properties of bonecement or implant-cement interfaces. The observed loading effect on Ti-PMMA specimens can be explained by the fact that the elastic-plastic behavior and crack-tip stress concentration at the interface impacted on the K C of the specimens due to the variation of the loading angles.…”
Ideal implant–cement or implant–bone interfaces are required for implant fixation and the filling of tissue defects created by disease. Micron- to nanosize osseointegrated features, such as surface roughness, fibers, porosity, and particles, have been fused with implants for improving the osseointegration of an implant with the host tissue in orthopedics and dentistry. The effects of fibers and loading angles on the interface fracture toughness of implant–cement specimens with and without fibers at the interface are not yet known. Such studies are important for the design of a long-lasting implant for orthopedic applications. The goal of this study was to improve the fracture toughness of an implant–cement interface by deposition of micron- to nanosize fibers on an implant surface. There were two objectives in the study: 1) to evaluate the influence of fibers on the fracture toughness of implant–cement interfaces with and without fibers at the interfaces, and 2) to evaluate the influence of loading angles on implant–cement interfaces with and without fibers at the interfaces. This study used titanium as the implant, poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) as cement, and polycaprolactone (PCL) as fiber materials. An electrospinning unit was fabricated for the deposition of PCL unidirectional fibers on titanium (Ti) plates. The Evex tensile test stage was used to determine the interface fracture toughness (K
C
) of Ti–PMMA with and without PCL fibers at 0°, 45°, and 90° loading angles, referred to in this article as tension, mixed, and shear tests. The study did not find any significant interaction between fiber and loading angles (
P
>0.05), although there was a significant difference in the K
C
means of Ti–PMMA samples for the loading angles (
P
<0.05). The study also found a significant difference in the K
C
means of Ti–PMMA samples with and without fibers (
P
<0.05). The results showed that the addition of the micron- to nanosize PCL fibers on Ti improved the quality of the Ti–PMMA union. The results of the study are essential for fatigue testing and finite-element analysis of implant–cement interfaces to evaluate the performance of orthopedic and orthodontic implants.
“…This observed difference of the K C values between Ti-PMMA samples with and without fibers is due to the differences in surface roughness at the interfaces of This behavior is consistent with published research, 8,14,[16][17][18] where it was found that increased surface roughness helped strengthen the interfacial mechanical properties of bonecement or implant-cement interfaces. The observed loading effect on Ti-PMMA specimens can be explained by the fact that the elastic-plastic behavior and crack-tip stress concentration at the interface impacted on the K C of the specimens due to the variation of the loading angles.…”
Ideal implant–cement or implant–bone interfaces are required for implant fixation and the filling of tissue defects created by disease. Micron- to nanosize osseointegrated features, such as surface roughness, fibers, porosity, and particles, have been fused with implants for improving the osseointegration of an implant with the host tissue in orthopedics and dentistry. The effects of fibers and loading angles on the interface fracture toughness of implant–cement specimens with and without fibers at the interface are not yet known. Such studies are important for the design of a long-lasting implant for orthopedic applications. The goal of this study was to improve the fracture toughness of an implant–cement interface by deposition of micron- to nanosize fibers on an implant surface. There were two objectives in the study: 1) to evaluate the influence of fibers on the fracture toughness of implant–cement interfaces with and without fibers at the interfaces, and 2) to evaluate the influence of loading angles on implant–cement interfaces with and without fibers at the interfaces. This study used titanium as the implant, poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) as cement, and polycaprolactone (PCL) as fiber materials. An electrospinning unit was fabricated for the deposition of PCL unidirectional fibers on titanium (Ti) plates. The Evex tensile test stage was used to determine the interface fracture toughness (K
C
) of Ti–PMMA with and without PCL fibers at 0°, 45°, and 90° loading angles, referred to in this article as tension, mixed, and shear tests. The study did not find any significant interaction between fiber and loading angles (
P
>0.05), although there was a significant difference in the K
C
means of Ti–PMMA samples for the loading angles (
P
<0.05). The study also found a significant difference in the K
C
means of Ti–PMMA samples with and without fibers (
P
<0.05). The results showed that the addition of the micron- to nanosize PCL fibers on Ti improved the quality of the Ti–PMMA union. The results of the study are essential for fatigue testing and finite-element analysis of implant–cement interfaces to evaluate the performance of orthopedic and orthodontic implants.
“…These phenomena are concluded by Bedi et al [73] that the HA-zeolite composite coating can enhance implant osteointegration and accelerate post-surgical restoration. This phenomenon can be considered as a response to the results of previous studies [74][75][76] which reported that mismatches of elastic modulus caused bone fractures and implants to relax with increasing time indicating poor osteointegration.…”
Section: Hydroxyapatite-zeolite Composite For Bone Mimetic Coatingsmentioning
This review is focused on potential or already implemented applications of hydroxyapatite (HA)-zeolit composites as a human bones implant. The methodology is to synthesize and broaden the collection of literature published in the last ten years. The reviews are divided into two main sections, namely the synthesis and the characterization of HA-zeolite composites as candidates for human bone implants. Each article that has the same topic, whether it is about synthesis or characterization, is grouped, reviewed, and synthesized. The review generally covers important aspects of material testing and the results of the study. All reviewed literature shows that HA-zeolite composites can be produced by various methods. The chemical and morphological properties are suitable with the nature of human bones. The composites are also suitable as coatings on metal bone implants from Ti6Al4V and SS316L. In conclusion, HA-zeolite composites are potentially used as human bone implant material.
“…( 11 ) and obtained from 5.85 to 9.80 MPa-m 1/2 for PM (0, 1, 5, 10 and 15 wt%) respectively Table 1 ). Herein, enhancing the fracture toughness of the composites might be owing to the crack’s deflection, particles bridging at the extremes of matrix/particle interface 65 , which is clearly visible in the SEM micrographs (Fig. 8 ).…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Flexural modulus of the undoped (PM0) composite was obtained to be 821 MPa, but increasing MgO doping content from 1 to 15% the values of modulus degrades from 732 to 622 MPa as well as the flexural strength respectively (Table 1 ). Therefore, inhomogeneity or poor adhesion between the polymer material and the metal oxides might be the one of the reasons for the decreasing flexural properties 61 , 65 – 67 . Figure 11 Mechanical behavior of the fabricated composites with ( a ) variations of compressive stress vs strain (inset showing the test in compression mode), ( b ) compressive stress and Young’s modulus, ( c ) fracture toughness and break length, ( d ) compressive strength and particle size with varying compositions of MgO for a system of [(x) MgO + (100 − x) (C 5 O 2 H 8 ) n ] (x = 0, 1, 5, 10 & 15 wt%).…”
The most common denture material used for dentistry is poly-methyl-methacrylate (PMMA). Usually, the polymeric PMMA material has numerous biological, mechanical and cost-effective shortcomings. Hence, to resolve such types of drawbacks, attempts have been made to investigate fillers of the PMMA like alumina (Al2O3), silica (SiO2), zirconia (ZrO2) etc. For the enhancement of the PMMA properties a suitable additive is required for its orthopedic applications. Herein, the main motive of this study was to synthesize a magnesium oxide (MgO) reinforced polymer-based hybrid nano-composites by using heat cure method with superior optical, biological and mechanical characteristics. For the structural and vibrational studies of the composites, XRD and FT-IR were carried out. Herein, the percentage of crystallinity for all the fabricated composites were also calculated and found to be 14.79–30.31. Various physical and optical parameters such as density, band gap, Urbach energy, cutoff energy, cutoff wavelength, steepness parameter, electron–phonon interaction, refractive index, and optical dielectric constant were also studied and their values are found to be in the range of 1.21–1.394 g/cm3, 5.44–5.48 eV, 0.167–0.027 eV, 5.68 eV, 218 nm, 0.156–0.962, 4.273–0.693, 1.937–1.932, and 3.752–3.731 respectively. To evaluate the mechanical properties like compressive strength, flexural strength, and fracture toughness of the composites a Universal Testing Machine (UTM) was used and their values were 60.3 and 101 MPa, 78 and 40.3 MPa, 5.85 and 9.8 MPa-m1/2 respectively. Tribological tests of the composites were also carried out. In order to check the toxicity, MTT assay was also carried out for the PM0 and PM15 [(x)MgO + (100 − x) (C5O2H8)n] (x = 0 and 15) composites. This study provides a comprehensive insight into the structural, physical, optical, and biological features of the fabricated PMMA-MgO composites, highlighting the potential of the PM15 composite with its enhanced density, mechanical strength, and excellent biocompatibility for denture applications.
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