“…Construction schedules are prone to a high level of delay due to the dynamic environment. Delay can result from: (1) external causes outside the project environment, such as extreme weather conditions (El-Adaway 2012) and nonstationary market demand (Ahmad 1999;Barriga et al 2005), and (2) internal causes related to the project, such as workforce motivation (Han et al 2008;Arashpour et al 2012) and quality issues causing rework (Josephson et al 2002;Love and Smith 2003). Wambeke et al (2011) administered a nationwide survey in the US to identify the most prevalent causes of task starting time and duration delay.…”
Making-do, a decision to start a construction task despite knowing that its preconditions are not fully ready, is a complex dilemma for construction managers. Managers' previous making-do decisions and the resulting consequence, delay, can have a significant impact on future making-do decisions. To understand how managers' experience with delay impacts their making-do decision and how it is handled differently in different countries, two surveys were administered, one in China and one in the United States (US), and 260 usable responses were collected. This study used: (1) the Mann-Whitney U test to examine whether delaying task starting time, when lacking precondition readiness, pays off with shorter delays; (2) a random forest approach to find important causes of delay that contribute to a making-do decision; and (3) an entropy-based decision tree to determine how much uncertainty in making-do decisions can be reduced by knowing managers' experience with delays in past projects. Results showed that in the United States, managers who preferred the making-do approach experienced up to 60% less task duration delay; whereas Chinese managers who preferred making-do experienced up to 100% more task duration delay due to lack of readiness in labor, equipment, material, management, and information flow. The contributions to the body of knowledge are the development of a random forest approach to quantitatively examine the relative importance of the causes of delay to the making-do decision and to reveal the fundamental differences in culture and management traditions that cause the difference between the two countries. The methods presented in this study will enable others to use a similar random forest approach repetitively for classification, prediction, and variable selection problems in civil engineering. The findings of this study will help project managers better understand underlying factors that trigger making-do decisions in China and the United States, and have more efficient collaboration and communication when they work on projects located in a foreign country.
“…Construction schedules are prone to a high level of delay due to the dynamic environment. Delay can result from: (1) external causes outside the project environment, such as extreme weather conditions (El-Adaway 2012) and nonstationary market demand (Ahmad 1999;Barriga et al 2005), and (2) internal causes related to the project, such as workforce motivation (Han et al 2008;Arashpour et al 2012) and quality issues causing rework (Josephson et al 2002;Love and Smith 2003). Wambeke et al (2011) administered a nationwide survey in the US to identify the most prevalent causes of task starting time and duration delay.…”
Making-do, a decision to start a construction task despite knowing that its preconditions are not fully ready, is a complex dilemma for construction managers. Managers' previous making-do decisions and the resulting consequence, delay, can have a significant impact on future making-do decisions. To understand how managers' experience with delay impacts their making-do decision and how it is handled differently in different countries, two surveys were administered, one in China and one in the United States (US), and 260 usable responses were collected. This study used: (1) the Mann-Whitney U test to examine whether delaying task starting time, when lacking precondition readiness, pays off with shorter delays; (2) a random forest approach to find important causes of delay that contribute to a making-do decision; and (3) an entropy-based decision tree to determine how much uncertainty in making-do decisions can be reduced by knowing managers' experience with delays in past projects. Results showed that in the United States, managers who preferred the making-do approach experienced up to 60% less task duration delay; whereas Chinese managers who preferred making-do experienced up to 100% more task duration delay due to lack of readiness in labor, equipment, material, management, and information flow. The contributions to the body of knowledge are the development of a random forest approach to quantitatively examine the relative importance of the causes of delay to the making-do decision and to reveal the fundamental differences in culture and management traditions that cause the difference between the two countries. The methods presented in this study will enable others to use a similar random forest approach repetitively for classification, prediction, and variable selection problems in civil engineering. The findings of this study will help project managers better understand underlying factors that trigger making-do decisions in China and the United States, and have more efficient collaboration and communication when they work on projects located in a foreign country.
“…Traditional production system that is due-date-driven (push) creates unsustainable production flow. The alternative system, a rate driven (Pull) system, produces according to capacity, uses backward scheduling and reduces waste in production (Arashpour et al 2016;Barriga et al 2005).…”
Section: Manufacturing and Logisticsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In addition, integrating the concepts of just-in-time delivery system optimize excess inventory and waste creation (Bae and Kim 2009;Li et al 2016). The research of Barriga et al (2005), Jaillon and Poon (2010), and Li et al (2017)…”
Industrialized Housing (IH), also referred to as prefabrication, preassembly, modularization, and/or off-site fabrication, is a growing strategy for constructing housing. IH offers potential for significant reduction of environmental impact in comparison to traditional housing construction. Past research used methods such as environmental impact assessment on given case study buildings or expert’s opinions to identify the benefits and drawbacks present on the lifecycle of houses constructed partially or fully using IH methods. Nevertheless, this literature is scattered across several sources and units of analysis. The specific factors of IH that contribute to environmental impact reduction have not been comprehensively reviewed and summarized from design considerations up to the end of life possibilities. In this paper, a systematic literature review is performed on the environmental implications of the industrialized way of constructing residential buildings. From a review of 49 journal publications, this paper identifies 18 key factors that influence the environmental performance of such residential buildings. These factors are categorized into the following lifecycle phases of the IH process: a) system design, b) material design, c) manufacturing and logistics, d) transportation and assembly, e) Operational phase, and f) end of life. Findings reveal the importance of decisions made in design phases such as choice of materials, which in turn show a snowball effect throughout the phases. A final category – g) support and hindrance of IH - includes a discussion of external factors such as building codes and regulatory policies and their impact on IH performance.
“…First, a series of HUDsponsored studies were conducted to advance the building systems and manufacturing processes of manufactured homes (US-HUD 1994, US-HUD 2002, US-HUD 2000, US-HUD 2001. Second, other researchers investigated the management of detailed homes factory operations, (Barriga et al 2005, Jeong et al 2006, Mehrotra et al 2005, Abu Hammad et al 2008, and manufactured homes mass customization (Nahmens I. and Bindroo). Third, a group of industry research studies were performed to analyse market structure, stakeholders, historical performance, and challenges (Vermeer and Louie 1997, US-HUD 1998, US-HUD 2003.…”
Manufactured homes provide a cost-effective alternative for satisfying the growing housing needs. Despite the industry commitment for improvement, manufactured home constitute small share of satisfying the housing demand. Supporting the future growth of this industry through public policy advocacy cannot be achieved without evaluating its historical production and demand trends. Available data from professional and governmental sources lack the ability to provide a granular picture of the characteristics of the industryäó»s manufacturers, customers, and product. Accordingly, this paper attempts to fill this gap by analyzing the available license record data for the manufactured homes in the state of Texas that cover the years from 1982 to 2015. The raw data included around 913,663 records of homes ownership and manufacturing. The data analysis included three main tasks: 1) data processing to integrate this large amount of data and eliminate outliers; 2) analyzing the competition characteristics of Texasäó»s manufactured housing market using descriptive entry and exit metrics; and 3) analyzing demand characteristics of manufactured homes in terms of their physical requirements the relations between their demand volume and inventory times. The conclusions of this paper would provide a more detailed understanding of the manufactured housing industry to support its growth as a viable cost-effective housing option.
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