Material and chemical stability of using motor gasoline/automotive gasoline in piston engine aircrafts – a review

Abstract

Piston aircraft engines commonly operate on aviation gasoline (AVGAS) and motor gasoline (MOGAS). Engines such as JABIRU and Lycoming have the capability to run on both types of gasolines. Currently, MOGAS often comprises a specific percentage (3-10%) of bio-alcohol. In this regard, the material and chemical stability of MOGAS must be considered by aircraft operators to understand the possible impact of using this gasoline as aviation fuel. Some aircraft manufacturers recommend MOGAS to power aircraft engines, although AVGAS may still be employed as well. Some manufacturers are currently designing engines capable of operating on both types of fuels because in the future AVGAS would be less available compared to MOGAS. Operating a piston engine aircraft using MOGAS presents several issues owing to the side effects associated with ethanol contained in the blended fuel. This paper studies the factors affecting the use of MOGAS in piston aviation industry as the only approved fuel for piston aviation is AVGAS, a leaded fuel in terms of chemical and material stability and compatibility.