Matching and oddity conditional discrimination in the goldfish as avoidance responses: Evidence for conceptual avoidance learning

Zerbolio, Dominic J.; Royalty, Joel L.

doi:10.3758/bf03199786

Cited by 26 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 11 publications

(21 reference statements)

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“…The present results confirm and extend Zerbolio and Royalty's (1983) finding of conditional discrimnation learning in goldfish. Acquisition confirms the finding that goldfish can learn such a difficult discrimination.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

“…Four identical 29.2 x 11.4 x 11.4 em deep aquatic shuttleboxes (tanks) were used (see Zerbolio & Royalty, 1983). Each shuttlebox contained a sandblasted translucent hurdle, 6.3S em high, with a 9-cm-Iong flat on top, and with 4S-deg sloping ramps to deep wells in both ends.…”

Section: Apparatusmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With a conditional discrimination procedure in the shuttlebox, goldfish learned to choose the matching or odd signal color to avoid shock (Zerbolio & Royalty, 1983). In a transfer test, goldfish with new signal colors continued to conditionally discriminate as well as goldfish tested with their original color, as long as the criterion contingency was the same (matching or oddity) in both original learning and transfer testing.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Acquisition, extinction, and reacquisition of a conditional discrimination to avoid shock by goldfish

Zerbolio

1984

Animal Learning & Behavior

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Goldfish, trained in the shuttlebox to avoid shock, were tested for the acquisition and extinction of a color-matching or a color-oddity conditional discrimination choice response, and then tested for reacquisition. Extinction affected the accuracy of the choice response but not the number of trials with response (response strength). Half of all groups were extinguished with changed signal colors, and half had the same signal colors experienced in acquisition. All groups had the same signal colors in reacquisition that they had experienced in acquisition. Changedsignal oddity groups decremented slightly faster than same-signal oddity groups, providing some support for a generalization decrement interpretation, but same-and changed-signal matching groups did not differ. All groups extinguished on the choice response by the end of extinction. All matching groups, and all oddity groups, regardless of their respective signal colors in extinction, reacquired at the same rate, and faster than in acquisition. These results imply conceptual generalization of extinction effects. Matching-trained groups were found to be slightly superior to oddity-trained groups in both acquisition and reacquisition. Comparisons of these results to positive reinforcement conditional discrimination extinction work, including some procedural suggestions, are made.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Section: Apparatusmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Acquisition, extinction, and reacquisition of a conditional discrimination to avoid shock by goldfish

Zerbolio

1984

Animal Learning & Behavior

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“…The behavioural response of paradise fish to changes in intensity of punishment parallels that of rodents (Fanselow and Lester, 1988), and also suggests that noxious stimuli in these fish may be subject to cognitive processes that incorporate declarative representations. Zerbolio and Royalty (1983) designed a complex avoidance learning task in which goldfish were required to learn the relationship between signals (matching or oddity) in order to avoid being shocked, rather than simply learning which specific signals were paired with a shock. That fish were able to learn matching and oddity discriminations among a variety of signals in order to avoid being shocked suggests that such learning occurs at the conceptual level.…”

Section: Nociception the Telencephalon And Pain Perceptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Can fish suffer?: perspectives on sentience, pain, fear and stress

Chandroo

Duncan

Moccia

2004

Applied Animal Behaviour Science

338

165

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In contrast to other major forms of livestock agriculture, there is a paucity of scientific information on the welfare of fish raised under intensive aquacultural conditions. This reflects an adherence to the belief that these animals have not evolved the salient biological characteristics that are hypothesised to permit sentience. In this review, we evaluate the scientific evidence for the existence of sentience in fish, and in particular, their ability to experience pain, fear and psychological stress. Teleost fish are considered to have marked differences in some aspects of brain structure and organization as compared to tetrapods, yet they simultaneously demonstrate functional similarities and a level of cognitive development suggestive of sentience. Anatomical, pharmacological and behavioural data suggest that affective states of pain, fear and stress are likely to be experienced by fish in similar ways as in tetrapods. This implies that fish have the capacity to suffer, and that welfare consideration for farmed fish should take these states into account. We suggest that the concept of animal welfare can be applied legitimately to fish. It is therefore appropriate to recognize and study the welfare of farmed fish.

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“…When originally trained on a matching conditional-discrirnination task with red/green colors and then transferred to a yellow/blue matching task, transfer was high, but if the transfer task was changed to a yellow/blue oddity task, a reversallearning effect was observed (Zerbolio & Royalty, 1983).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Categorical color coding in a one-phase avoidance procedure

Zerbolio

Golden

1990

Animal Learning & Behavior

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Four colors (red, yellow, green, and blue) were arranged in all possible two-color sets to determine if goldfish can discriminate between color sets associated with shock and color sets associated with safety/shock omission in a one-phase (linear presentation) discrimination-learning procedure. The results showed that goldfish learned to discriminate between two-color sets if set colors were natural categorical color-code mates (red = yellow and green = blue). When natural code mates were not in the same set, and therefore were paired with different shock consequents, no discrimination learning occurred, suggesting that goldfish, unlike pigeons, are not able to code colors arbitrarily. The method also allowed a measure of preference between colors within sets associated with safety/shock omission. Original-learning preference measures between colors in sets so associated showed that goldfish chose red over any other color, yellow over blue or green, and green over blue, despite the fact that both colors in any set were procedurally identical, implying that goldfish do discriminate between colors in the absence of explicit discrimination training. The goldfish that failed to discriminate between redlblue and green/yellow sets in original learning were transferred to red/yellow and blue/green color sets. In transfer, the color paired with safety/shock omission in original learning was preferred over the color paired with shock in original learning, which resulted in a reversal of original-learning color preferences for half the goldfish. The transfer color-preference results imply that the goldfish had associated specific colors with specific shock consequents, but the associations were not robust enough to support discrimination learning in the face of categorical color coding.

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Matching and oddity conditional discrimination in the goldfish as avoidance responses: Evidence for conceptual avoidance learning

Cited by 26 publications

References 11 publications

Acquisition, extinction, and reacquisition of a conditional discrimination to avoid shock by goldfish

Acquisition, extinction, and reacquisition of a conditional discrimination to avoid shock by goldfish

Can fish suffer?: perspectives on sentience, pain, fear and stress

Categorical color coding in a one-phase avoidance procedure

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