Matcha green tea targets the gut–liver axis to alleviate obesity and metabolic disorders induced by a high-fat diet

Abstract

Obesity induced by a high-fat diet (HFD) is an increasing global health problem, leading to many metabolic syndromes. As the emerging food additive rich in tea polyphenols, theanine, caffeine, and so on, matcha green tea has gained more and more popularity for its outstanding potential in ameliorating metabolic disorders. This study investigated the composition and antioxidant activity of matcha green tea and further explored its effects on gut–liver axis homeostasis in an HFD-induced obese mouse model. Male (7–8 weeks old) C57BL/6J mice were divided into four groups with the following dietary supplementation for 8 weeks: a normal chow diet (NCD), a normal chow diet+1.0% matcha (NCM), a high-fat diet (HFD), and a high-fat diet+1.0% matcha (HFM). The results demonstrated that matcha green tea ameliorated the development of obesity, lipid accumulation, and hepatic steatosis induced by HFD. Subsequently, dietary matcha supplementation restored the alterations in fecal bile acid profile and gut microbial composition. Meanwhile, the levels of mRNA expression in hepatocytes demonstrated that matcha intervention made significant regulatory on the multiple metabolic pathways of hosts involved in glucose, lipid, and bile acid metabolism. These findings present new evidence for matcha green tea as an effective nutritional strategy to mitigate obesity and relevant metabolic disorders through the gut–liver axis.

Lactobacillus casei‐fermented Amomum xanthioides ameliorates metabolic dysfunction in high‐fat diet‐induced obese mice

“…35 Long-term over-consumption of HFD directly induced obesity due to excessive energy and lipid accumulation and contribute to hyperlipidemia, insulin resistance, hyperglycemia, and chronic inflammation. 36 Our data revealed that LAX noticeably reduced the body weights, primarily attributed to a decrease in fat mass rather than lean mass. Interestingly, LAX did not significantly reduce the weights of pWAT.…”

“…Adipose tissue, a central metabolic organ, regulates metabolic homeostasis by storing energy, influencing insulin sensitivity and glucose metabolism, secreting hormones and adipokines, also playing roles in inflammation, lipid metabolism and thermogenesis 35 . Long‐term over‐consumption of HFD directly induced obesity due to excessive energy and lipid accumulation and contribute to hyperlipidemia, insulin resistance, hyperglycemia, and chronic inflammation 36 . Our data revealed that LAX noticeably reduced the body weights, primarily attributed to a decrease in fat mass rather than lean mass.…”

Green tea catechin epigallocatechin gallate alleviates high‐fat diet‐induced obesity in mice by regulating the gut–brain axis

“…Total ribonucleic acid (RNA) of intestinal tissues was extracted using the Trizol reagent (Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA, USA) according to the manufacturer's instructions and our previous study (Y. Wang et al., 2022). The RNA was reversely transcribed using a high‐capacity complementary DNA (cDNA) reverse transcription kit (Invitrogen).…”

Dietary polyphenols maintain homeostasis via regulating bile acid metabolism: a review of possible mechanisms

“…103 The study found that adding 1% matcha green tea to a high-fat diet could improve obesity, fat accumulation, and liver steatosis in rats. 75 The results showed that matcha green tea could reverse the decline of Akkermansia caused by a highfat diet, restore the composition of intestinal microorganisms, and thus restore the BA spectrum of feces. In addition, it was found that apple polyphenols extract, 45,61,94 blueberry extract, 89 cranberry extract, 66 quinoa, 79 flavonoids from wholegrain oat, 71 and xyloglucan compounded inulin 85 could increase the level of Akkermansia and act as an indirect agonist of FXR or TGR5.…”