Mastoiditis diagnosed by clinical symptoms and imaging studies in children: Disease spectrum and evolving diagnostic challenges

Chien, Jen-Hung; Chen, Yao-Shen; Hung, I-Fei; Hsieh, Kai‐Sheng; Wu, Kuan-Sheng; Cheng, Ming‐Fang

doi:10.1016/j.jmii.2011.12.008

Cited by 23 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…There is not a standard medical treatment for pediatric AM, however empiric antimicrobial therapy should provide coverage for the principal pathogens: S. pnuemoniae[ 3 , 16 ], S. pyogenes and S. aureus (including methicillin resistant S. aureus in high prevalence areas). Therefore intravenous beta lactamase antibiotics are usually used as first line treatment, mostly as monotherapy [ 5 , 15 , 20 , 24 , 25 ], but also associated to amino glycosides [ 3 , 26 ], clindamycin [ 7 ], fosfomycin [ 27 ]. According to literature [ 5 ], we used parenteral Ceftriaxone considering the low prevalence of MRSA in our population.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In literature the use of radiological imaging is controversial in pediatric AM. Some authors recommend diagnostic imaging at presentation in order to confirm diagnosis and to rule out complications [ 24 , 29 ]. However, as reported in literature, the outcome of treatment in series using imaging doesn’t seem to be better than series avoiding these exams.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Acute mastoiditis in an Italian pediatric tertiary medical center: a 15 – year retrospective study

et al. 2018

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BackgroundAcute mastoiditis is the main suppurative complication of acute otitis media. Its incidence ranges from 1.2 to 4.2/100.000 children/year and a rise has been reported in the last years. There are controversial data regarding risk factors for mastoiditis and its complications.Aim of the study: to evaluate demographics and clinical characteristics of children with acute mastoiditis and to identify possible risk factors for complications.MethodsWe retrospectively reviewed medical charts of all the children aged 1 month-14 years admitted to our Paediatric Emergency Department from January 2002 to December 2016.ResultsOne hundred forty-seven cases (97 males and 50 females) were included in the analysis, mean age was 4.8 ± 3.6 years and 28.2% of the patients were younger than 2 years. We found an increasing number of mastoiditis per year during the last 3 years of the study. Children younger than 2 years were less treated with antibiotics for acute otitis media or treated for a shorter period (p < 0.05), while they were treated at higher antibiotic’s dosage for mastoiditis (p < 0.01). Older children presented more frequently with symptoms such as earache or retroauricular pain (p < 0.0001, p < 0.001). We didn’t identify any risk factor for mastoiditis complications in our study.ConclusionsDespite the introduction of pneumococcal vaccines, the incidence of acute mastoiditis in our population has not been reduced during the last years. We have to face all the reasons why this condition is still relevant, such as antibiotic resistance, new pathogens involved and a possible role played by the implementations of therapeutic acute otitis media guidelines restricting the use of antibiotics in this disease. A particular attention should be given to younger children where signs and symptoms may be less pronounced, therefore acute otitis media or mastoiditis may be misunderstood and appropriate treatment delayed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute mastoiditis in an Italian pediatric tertiary medical center: a 15 – year retrospective study

et al. 2018

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“…For the diagnosis of acute mastoiditis, noncontrast high‐resolution CT is the initial imaging study of choice due to both its better availability in urgent situations and its high sensitivity for the detection of acute mastoiditis . Intravenous contrast media are typically required to detect extracranial complications .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sonographic diagnosis of acute mastoiditis and subsequent retroauricular abscess in a pediatric cochlear implant recipient: A case report

Sakaida

Usui

Matsuda

et al. 2017

J of Clinical Ultrasound

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When acute mastoiditis occurs in cochlear implant recipients, it can progress to subsequent retroauricular abscess due to the absence of the external mastoid cortex resulting from mastoidectomy performed for cochlear implantation. The management goal is to control infection while preserving the implanted device. A 2-year-old boy with cochlear implants developed acute mastoiditis and a subsequent retroauricular abscess. The patient underwent a surgical intervention based on the diagnosis made utilizing gray-scale and power Doppler sonography. This case illustrates the diagnostic usefulness of sonography in this rare situation. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound 45:515-519, 2017.

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“…Acute otomastoiditis presents opacification of the mastoid air cells [57,58]. CT scans demonstrate the mastoid air cells filled with the soft tissue mass instead of the air [59]. MRI can be used for evaluating the otomastoiditis, however, with solely MRI it is difficult to diagnose the infection related to mastoid region.…”

Section: Otomastoiditismentioning

confidence: 99%

Incidental Findings in TMJ Imaging

Orhan

Aksoy²,

Avsever³

et al. 2018

Imaging of the Temporomandibular Joint

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MRI has been usually used to obtain information from the soft tissue of the TMJ especially for evaluating the articular disc and its pathology. Even if small field of view (FOV) and surface coils are used in TMJ MR imaging, it should be expected that some incidental findings may appear outside the primary area of interest. These incidental findings are common in TMJ MRIs. Orhan et al. [1] evaluated the incidental findings in TMJ MRI and found 117 incidental findings in 15% of the patients. K. Orhan et al.

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Mastoiditis diagnosed by clinical symptoms and imaging studies in children: Disease spectrum and evolving diagnostic challenges

Cited by 23 publications

References 10 publications

Acute mastoiditis in an Italian pediatric tertiary medical center: a 15 – year retrospective study

Acute mastoiditis in an Italian pediatric tertiary medical center: a 15 – year retrospective study

Sonographic diagnosis of acute mastoiditis and subsequent retroauricular abscess in a pediatric cochlear implant recipient: A case report

Incidental Findings in TMJ Imaging

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