Mast cells in innate immunity

Mekori, Yoseph A.; Metcalfe, Dean D.

doi:10.1034/j.1600-065x.2000.917305.x

Cited by 345 publications

(274 citation statements)

References 41 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

266

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Various stimuli, in addition to IgE and specific antigen, can activate mast cells to release a diverse array of biologically active products, many of which can potentially mediate proinflammatory, anti-inflammatory and/or immunosuppressive functions (summarized in REFS 1,2,6,13 ). Furthermore, mast cells can participate in multiple cycles of activation for mediator release and can be differentially activated to release distinct patterns of mediators or cytokines, depending on the type and strength of the activating stimuli 1,6,13,18,20,21 .…”

Section: Activation and Secretion Of Mast-cell Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mast cells represent potential sources of many mediators that can enhance or suppress the development, survival, proliferation, migration, maturation, or function of immune cells (reviewed in REFS [1][2][3][5][6][7][8]13,[16][17][18]21,30,31,43,44,[46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56]. Some individual mediators, such as histamine, can have both positive and negative immunomodulatory effects.…”

Section: Mast-cell Immunomodulatory Functions Immunomodulatory Activimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mast cells can function as effector cells during innate [1][2][3] and acquired 1,[4][5][6] immune responses. Such 'effector functions' of mast cells include killing pathogens 2,3,7 , degrading potentially toxic endogenous peptides [8][9][10] or components of venoms 9,11 , and regulating the numbers, viability, distribution, phenotype or 'non-immune' functions of structural cells, such as fibroblasts and vascular endothelial cells.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Such 'effector functions' of mast cells include killing pathogens 2,3,7 , degrading potentially toxic endogenous peptides [8][9][10] or components of venoms 9,11 , and regulating the numbers, viability, distribution, phenotype or 'non-immune' functions of structural cells, such as fibroblasts and vascular endothelial cells. Mast cells can exert their effector functions through the direct or indirect actions of a wide spectrum of mast-cell-derived products, and such effects can be observed in both innate [1][2][3]12 and acquired 1,5,6,12,13 immune responses (BOX 1).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Through effector and/or immunomodulatory functions, mast cells can promote the initiation and increase the magnitude of inflammation, tissue remodelling and, in some cases, tissue injury associated with the innate or adaptive immune responses to pathogens, as well as during allergic or autoimmune disorders [1][2][3][5][6][7]13 . Given the many mechanisms by which mast cells can mediate these effects, they are often thought of as cells whose primary role is to 'turn on an immune response'.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Immunomodulatory mast cells: negative, as well as positive, regulators of immunity

2008

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Section: Activation and Secretion Of Mast-cell Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Mast-cell Immunomodulatory Functions Immunomodulatory Activimentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Immunomodulatory mast cells: negative, as well as positive, regulators of immunity

2008

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Generation, Isolation, and Maintenance of Human Mast Cells and Mast Cell Lines Derived from Peripheral Blood or Cord Blood

et al. 2010

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Antigen-mediated mast cell activation is a pivotal step in the initiation of allergic disorders including anaphylaxis and atopy. To date, studies aimed at investigating the mechanisms regulating these responses, and studies designed to identifying potential ways to prevent them, have primarily been conducted in rodent mast cells. However, to understand how these responses pertain to human disease, and to investigate and develop novel therapies for the treatment of human mast cell-driven disease, human mast cell models may have greater relevance. Recently, a number of systems have been developed which allow investigators to readily obtain sufficient quantities of human mast cells to conduct these studies. These mast cells release the appropriate suite of inflammatory mediators in response to known mast cell activators including antigen. These systems have also been employed to examine the signaling events regulating these responses. Proof of principle studies have also demonstrated utility of these systems for the identification of potential inhibitors of mast cell activation and growth. In this unit, we describe techniques for the development and culture of human mast cells from their progenitors and the culture of human mast cell lines. The relative merits and drawbacks of each model are also described.

show abstract

Dependence of Enantioselectivity on the Distribution of a Chiral Hydrogenation Catalyst between an Aqueous and a Micellar Phase: Investigations Using Pulsed Field Gradient Spin Echo NMR Spectroscopy

et al. 2001

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The enantioselectivity obtained from rhodium complex catalyzed hydrogenations conducted in water can often be increased considerably by the addition of amphiphiles. At present the reasons for this increase in selectivity are not fully understood. The application of pulsed field gradient spin echo NMR (PGSE-NMR) spectroscopy to determine the average diffusion coefficients of the catalysts in both known and novel examples of asymmetric hydrogenation shows definitively that the increase in enantioselectivity is coupled with an aggregation of the catalyst to the micelles. This aggregation or solubilization of the catalyst in the micelles leads to the formation of a new colloidal phase in the aqueous solution. This phase has stronger hydrophobic properties, and thus the hydrogenation is more comparable to those conducted in a hydrophobic or less polar organic solvent. In the case of anionic amphiphiles, which form amphiphilic salts with the cationic catalyst, the embedment of the catalyst complex into the micelle is generally complete. The whole hydrogenation then takes place exclusively inside the micelles, leading to high enantioselectivity. If the catalyst is not completely embedded into the micelle, for example in the cases of nonionic or cationic surfactant solutions, the solubility of the substrate plays an important role. For soluble substrates the hydrogenation of the substrate occurs predominately in the aqueous phase itself, leading to very poor enantioselectivities. In these cases, only the use of a large excess of amphiphile, far above the critical micelle concentration (cmc), will lead to higher enantioselectivities due to a shift of the equilibrium towards the micellar bonded forms of catalyst and substrate. In contrast, poorly soluble substrates exhibit a high tendency to be incorporated into micelles, which leads to much higher enantioselectivities if the cmc of the surfactant is small enough. Changes in the cmc of amphiphiles caused by their aggregation with catalysts could also be estimated. The variation in selectivity observed for the catalysts containing seven-membered, flexible chelate rings is apparently due to changes in their conformation in the less polar micellar medium, and this effect is also seen in organic solvents. As expected, catalysts containing smaller chelate rings show this effect to a considerably lower extent since they are conformationally more rigid.

show abstract

Mast cells in innate immunity

Cited by 345 publications

References 41 publications

Immunomodulatory mast cells: negative, as well as positive, regulators of immunity

Immunomodulatory mast cells: negative, as well as positive, regulators of immunity

Generation, Isolation, and Maintenance of Human Mast Cells and Mast Cell Lines Derived from Peripheral Blood or Cord Blood

Dependence of Enantioselectivity on the Distribution of a Chiral Hydrogenation Catalyst between an Aqueous and a Micellar Phase: Investigations Using Pulsed Field Gradient Spin Echo NMR Spectroscopy

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About