Mast cell stabilizer disodium cromoglycate improves long-term cognitive impairment after general anesthesia exposure in neonatal mice

Abstract

BackgroundProlonged exposure to general anesthesia (GA) results in long-lasting cognitive impairment, especially during critical stages of brain development. An exaggerated neuroinflammation induced by anesthesia is generally considered to be a key cause of cognitive impairment.Materials and methodsPostnatal day 7 (PND 7) mice were exposed to GA by isoflurane inhalation for 6 h or mock anesthesia. Disodium cromoglycate (DSCG) was intraperitoneally injected daily for 2 weeks, beginning from 30 min before anesthesia. The post-anesthesia evaluation included behavioral tests, toluidine blue staining, immunofluorescence and western blot.ResultsOur results demonstrated the long-term cognition were impaired after 6 h GA exposure in neonatal mice. DSCG treatment ameliorated early mast cells (MCs) degranulation and mast cell tryptase (MCT) expression, which helps to attenuate subsequent neuroinflammation, activation of microglia and astrocytes, and damage to oligodendrocytes and synapses to improve cognitive impairment.ConclusionDisodium cromoglycate could effectively improve long-term cognitive impairment after GA exposure in neonatal mice.

Transcranial near-infrared laser improves postoperative neurocognitive disorder in aged mice via SIRT3/AMPK/Nrf2 pathway

“…To evaluate the mice’s momentary and long-term memory as described by Zhang et al (2022) , we conducted the novel object recognition (NOR) in an open field (60 × 60 × 50 cm) 2 h after the open field test (OFT). In the training period, two identical objects were placed at adjacent angles in the field.…”