Massive retinal gliosis: An unusual case with immunohistochemical study

Deshmukh, Sanjay D; Ashturkar, Amrut V; Babanagare, Shridhar V; Gokhale, Suvarna K; Deshpande, Anand A

doi:10.4103/0301-4738.81050

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Retinal gliosis seen in felines in this series was often profound, at times resembling that seen in human massive retinal gliosis. 3 Massive retinal gliosis is a nonneoplastic proliferation of retinal glial cells in the human retina attributed to a range of factors, including retinal injury, congenital retinal disease, inflammation, retinal vascular disorders, and intraocular neoplasia, 18 some of which were identified in this series of feline FNV. An increase in GFAP expression by Müller glia occurs following experimental retinal detachment in cats, 4 and GFAP and vimentin are upregulated in retinal gliosis attributed to Müller glial cells secondary to retinal disease or trauma.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Feline Neovascular Vitreoretinopathy and Anterior Segment Dysgenesis With Concurrent Glaucoma in Domestic Cats

et al. 2018

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Feline neovascular vitreoretinopathy (FNV) is a newly recognized rare condition affecting kittens and young domestic cats. This study investigated the clinical and pathologic findings in 22 cats with FNV. In affected cats, ophthalmoscopy of the fundus (when visible) revealed avascular peripheral retinae and epiretinal vascular membranes. Frequent nonspecific clinical findings were buphthalmos ( n = 21), medically uncontrollable glaucoma ( n = 22), and lenticular abnormalities ( n = 13). Anterior segment dysgenesis (ASD) was detected clinically in affected cats ( n = 6). The fellow eye was affected in 11 of 18 cats to a variable degree or appeared clinically normal in 7 of 18 cats. The globes were examined histologically and using immunohistochemistry for vimentin, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), synaptophysin, neurofilament, laminin, factor VIII-related antigen (FVIII-RA), and smooth muscle actin (SMA). Histologically, diagnostic features included laminin-positive epiretinal vascular membranes affecting the central retina, with an avascular peripheral retina and gliosis. Enucleated globes exhibited multiple additional abnormalities, including corneal disease ( n = 15), anterior segment dysgenesis ( n = 21), lymphoplasmacytic anterior uveitis ( n = 19), peripheral anterior synechiae ( n = 20), retinal degeneration ( n = 22), and retinal detachment ( n = 19). Gliotic retinae labeled strongly for GFAP and vimentin with reduced expression of synaptophysin and neurofilament, consistent with degeneration or lack of differentiation. While an avascular peripheral retina and epiretinal fibrovascular membranes are also salient features of retinopathy of prematurity, there is no evidence to support hyperoxic damage in cats with FNV. The cause remains unknown.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Feline Neovascular Vitreoretinopathy and Anterior Segment Dysgenesis With Concurrent Glaucoma in Domestic Cats

et al. 2018

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“…While MRG and astrocytic hamartoma tend to occur in the peripheral retina, acquired retinal astrocytoma generally arises from the optic disc or retinal juxtapapillary area [5,7,8]. In the current patients, the tumor in case 1 arose from the periphery of the retina, while in case 2, it arose from the ora serrata.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 66%

“…Since it is impossible to distinguish the tumor pathologically, the clinical features play an important role in the diagnosis. MRG is a non-neoplastic tissue that occurs in response to eye disorders such as inflammation, trauma or infection [5]. The presence of MRG pathology indicates previous retinal inflammation, retinal pigment epithelial proliferation and calcification [2,5].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Solitary Retinal Astrocytoma: A Case Series

Fuchino¹,

Hayashi

Suzuma³

et al. 2013

OJPathology

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Background: Astrocytic tumors of the retina are rare. We report and discuss the clinical features of two cases of retinal astrocytoma along with presenting a current literature review. Case Presentation: Case 1 was a 46-year-old Japanese female who became aware of her decreased visual acuity. A fundus photograph indicated the presence of a 5 mm hemispherical yellow-white tumor, retinal edema and hard exudate around the tumor. In case 2, a 36-year-old Japanese female became aware of her myodesopsia, and presented with a retinal tumor and vitreous hemorrhage in her right eye. Since the tumors occurred in the peripheral retina in both cases, endoresections were performed. Histological examination showed that the tumors were composed of spindle-shaped cells with small nuclei, which was consistent with astrocytes. Conclusion: Pathologically, it can be difficult to differentiate astrocytic tumors. Therefore, when making a diagnosis, it is important that comprehensive examinations be done in conjunction with the clinical findings. Since retinal astrocytoma has a favorable prognosis, provided proper treatment is administered, utilization of endoresection for peripheral astrocytoma may be advantageous in this patient group.

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“…These elongated oval or spindle-shaped cells contain varying amounts of fibrillated eosinophilic cytoplasm and show diffuse immunopositivity for GFAP [1,5,20,21,22,23]. Previous electron microscopy studies demonstrated features consistent with astrocytes, with absence of the abundant smooth and rough endoplasmic reticulum and interdigitating villous processes characteristic of Müller cells [4,24].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reactive Retinal Astrocytic Tumor (Focal Nodular Gliosis): A Case Report

Hudson¹,

Mendoza

Yan³

et al. 2016

Ocul Oncol Pathol

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Purpose: To report the clinical and histopathological findings of a reactive retinal astrocytic tumor (RRAT) that progressed to massive retinal gliosis. Observations: The patient presented with an elevated, white-yellow retinal mass and extensive retinal exudation in the left eye. Progressive enlargement of the mass and proliferative vitreoretinopathy eventually led to phthisis bulbi and enucleation. Histologically, the mass showed a predominant astrocytic component with intense glial fibrillary acidic protein staining, hyperplasia, fibrous metaplasia, and osseous metaplasia of the retinal pigment epithelium. The Ki-67 proliferative index was <5%, and few scattered vascular channels were observed. Conclusions and Importance: These findings show that this tumor is the result of a reactive glial process rather than of neoplastic vascular proliferation. Massive retinal gliosis probably represents the advanced stage of RRAT.

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Massive retinal gliosis: An unusual case with immunohistochemical study

Cited by 7 publications

References 15 publications

Feline Neovascular Vitreoretinopathy and Anterior Segment Dysgenesis With Concurrent Glaucoma in Domestic Cats

Feline Neovascular Vitreoretinopathy and Anterior Segment Dysgenesis With Concurrent Glaucoma in Domestic Cats

Solitary Retinal Astrocytoma: A Case Series

Reactive Retinal Astrocytic Tumor (Focal Nodular Gliosis): A Case Report

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