Massive fatal cerebral air embolism as a negative contrast angiogram

Andrade, Celi Santos; Lucato, Leandro Tavares; Leite, Cláudia da Costa

doi:10.1136/jnnp.2008.145938

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“…Recently, studies have addressed the prognostic value of neuroimaging evaluation in these patients, and the presence of intracranial air in a gyriform pattern could be an indicator of unfavourable outcome [ 18 ]. Fatal cases are usually associated with the coexistence of intracardiac air or with massive CAE [ 19 , 20 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cerebral Air Embolism: The Importance of Computed Tomography Evaluation

2020

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Cerebral air embolism (CAE) is a serious disease, often underdiagnosed due to nonspecific neurological findings and clinical and imaging unawareness. Early diagnosis is crucial for a prompt specific treatment, which differs from other types of brain infarcts. Immediate computed tomography (CT) scan is the imaging technique of choice, allowing to depict acute intracranial air, most commonly seen in the high convexity along cortical grooves, in a sulcal subarachnoid gyriform pattern. The use of thin-slice (thickness of 5 mm or smaller) and the measurement of air attenuation coefficient can reduce falsenegative studies. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) is the first-line treatment for CAE and may affect the outcome. We report four cases of iatrogenic CAE and review the literature.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%