Massive bladder inguinal hernia leading to acute urinary retention

Incarcerated inguinal hernia containing urinary bladder and bladder calculi

“…Cases described in the literature include symptoms such as difficulty initiating urination, double voiding and incomplete micturition [ 1 , 3 , 5 , 6 ]. Some cases presented with urinary retention, obstructive uropathy with acute renal failure and sepsis from urinary tract infection [ 2 , 3 , 5 ]. To our knowledge, this is one of the first reported cases in the literature where inguinal bladder hernia was present in a person with long term urinary catheter and with bladder calculi preventing reduction of the hernia.…”

“…The literature often reports inguinal bladder hernias are commonly diagnosed intra-operatively rather than pre-operatively, increasing the risk of damage to the bladder when it is an unexpected finding at the time of surgery [ 6 ]. Pre-operative imaging with CT is therefore helpful to allow for procedural planning and prevent bladder injury [ 2 , 3 ].…”

“…Clinicians should have a high index of suspicion for involvement of the bladder within an inguinoscrotal hernia in such presentations. Pre-operative imaging with computed tomography (CT) scanning allows for the identification of the bladder involvement, facilitates operative planning and can reduce the risk of bladder injury during surgery [ 2 , 3 ]. We report the case of a patient who presented with an incarcerated inguinoscrotal hernia involving the urinary bladder and containing bladder calculi.…”