Massive and massless plasmons in germanene nanosheets

Pisarra, M.; Gomez, Cristian Vacacela; Sindona, A.

doi:10.1038/s41598-022-23058-3

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 88 publications

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“…We emphasize again that the semi-analytical model is used to solve the obvious technical limitations of atomistic approaches when treating wide GNRs, which cannot be addressed with current calculators around the world. We further remark that these novel features require experiments, in line with what has been reported here, for a correct tuning of the input parameters of possible GNR arrays-based devices or other materials beyond graphene [52].…”

supporting

confidence: 80%

THz Surface Plasmons in Wide and Freestanding Graphene Nanoribbon Arrays

et al. 2022

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Graphene is a thin-film carbon material that has immense potential as a key ingredient in new nanoelectronic and nanophotonic devices due to its unique characteristics. In particular, plasmons in graphene appear as a practical tool for the manipulation of light with potential applications from cancer treatment to solar cells. A motivating tunability of graphene properties has been observed in graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) due to their geometrically controllable bandgaps that, in turn, influence the plasmonic properties. The formidable effort made over recent years in developing GNR-based technologies is, however, weakened by a lack of predictive approaches that draw upon available semi-analytical electromagnetic models. An example of such a framework is used here, focusing on experimentally realized GNRs from 155 to 480 nm wide and organized as two-dimensional (2D) GNR arrays. The results show that the plasmon frequency behavior is highly affected by the experimental setup or geometrical factors. In particular, the bandgap of the analyzed systems is of the order of a few meV with a density of states opening around zero energy (Fermi level) in contrast to what is observed in graphene. From the plasmonic part, it is observed in all 2D GNR arrays that the frequency–momentum trend follows a -like plasmon dispersion whose plasmon frequency can be increased substantially by increasing the ribbon width or charge density concentration. Forbidden plasmon regions are observed for high values of plasmon excitation angle or electron relaxation rate. From a sensing point of view, the important finding is the fact that 2D GNR arrays of 155 nm wide with high values of electron relaxation rate have plasmon responses similar to those observed for thrombin in water. Our predictions are projected to be of fast support for detecting plasmons in more complex designs of ribbon nanodevices with potential applications in molecular sensing of aqueous molecules.

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supporting

confidence: 80%

THz Surface Plasmons in Wide and Freestanding Graphene Nanoribbon Arrays

et al. 2022

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“…we follow the approach introduced by Popov et al [15] . Specifically, we calculate the plasmon frequency ( ) using the following expression:…”

Section: The Approach Of the Semi-analytical Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Edge plasmons are strongly influenced by the strip width and shape, and their resonance frequency can be adjusted by changing only the strip width [14] . Surface plasmons, instead, are extended plasmon modes that propagate throughout the entire nanostrip [15] . Hence, surface plasmons in GeNSs are anticipated to exhibit improved properties, such as strong confinement, low losses, and long propagation lengths.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

THz plasmonics and electronics in germanene nanostrips

Tene,

Guevara,

Tubon-Usca

et al. 2023

J. Semicond.

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Germanene nanostrips (GeNSs) have garnered significant attention in modern semiconductor technology due to their exceptional physical characteristics, positioning them as promising candidates for a wide range of applications. GeNSs exhibit a two-dimensional (buckled) honeycomb-like lattice, which is similar to germanene but with controllable bandgaps. The modeling of GeNSs is essential for developing appropriate synthesis methods as it enables understanding and controlling the growth process of these systems. Indeed, one can adjust the strip width, which in turn can tune the bandgap and plasmonic response of the material to meet specific device requirements. In this study, the objective is to investigate the electronic behavior and THz plasmon features of GeNSs (≥100 nm wide). A semi-analytical model based on the charge-carrier velocity of freestanding germanene is utilized for this purpose. The charge-carrier velocity of freestanding germanene is determined through the GW approximation ( m·s−1). Within the width range of 100 to 500 nm, GeNSs exhibit narrow bandgaps, typically measuring only a few meV. Specifically, upon analysis, it was found that the bandgaps of the investigated GeNSs ranged between 29 and 6 meV. As well, these nanostrips exhibit -like plasmon dispersions, with their connected plasmonic frequency (≤30 THz) capable of being manipulated by varying parameters such as strip width, excitation plasmon angle, and sample quality. These manipulations can lead to frequency variations, either increasing or decreasing, as well as shifts towards larger momentum values. The outcomes of our study serve as a foundational motivation for future experiments, and further confirmation is needed to validate the reported results.

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“…Recently, 2D metalene nanosheets, including germanene, [57][58][59] stanene, [60] plumbene, [61][62][63] antimonene, [64] bismuthene, [65,66] etc., have received considerable attention in the energy and catalysis fields due to their excellent physicochemical and electronic properties. Mono-or few-layered metalenes can offer a substantial number of unsaturated metal sites on their surface, which serve as active sites, rendering them highly appropriate for multiphase catalysis.…”

Section: -Dimensional Bismuthene/bi Nanosheetsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photocatalytic Enhancement Strategy with the Introduction of Metallic Bi: A Review on Bi/Semiconductor Photocatalysts

Song,

Bao,

2023

The Chemical Record

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Semiconductor photocatalysis has great potential in the fields of solar fuel production and environmental remediation. Nevertheless, the photocatalytic efficiency still constrains its practical production applications. The development of new semiconductor materials is essential to enhance the solar energy conversion efficiency of photocatalytic systems. Recently, the research on enhancing the photocatalytic performance of semiconductors by introducing bismuth (Bi) has attracted widespread attention. In this review, we briefly overview the main synthesis methods of Bi/semiconductor photocatalysts and summarize the control of the micromorphology of Bi in Bi/semiconductors and the key role of Bi in the catalytic system. In addition, the promising applications of Bi/semiconductors in photocatalysis, such as pollutant degradation, sterilization, water separation, CO2 reduction, and N2 fixation, are outlined. Finally, an outlook on the challenges and future research directions of Bi/semiconductor photocatalysts is given. We aim to offer guidance for the rational design and synthesis of high‐efficiency Bi/semiconductor photocatalysts for energy and environmental applications.

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Massive and massless plasmons in germanene nanosheets

Cited by 7 publications

References 88 publications

THz Surface Plasmons in Wide and Freestanding Graphene Nanoribbon Arrays

THz Surface Plasmons in Wide and Freestanding Graphene Nanoribbon Arrays

THz plasmonics and electronics in germanene nanostrips

Photocatalytic Enhancement Strategy with the Introduction of Metallic Bi: A Review on Bi/Semiconductor Photocatalysts

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