Masseteric Hypertrophy: An Orthodontic Perspective

Abstract

Masseteric hypertrophy, popularly called the benign masseteric hypertrophy (BMH) or idiopathic masseteric hypertrophy (IMH) is a relatively uncommon condition characterized by asymptomatic enlargement of one or both masseter muscles and is rarely accompanied by pain, which is often confused with parotid swelling. Most frequently, clinicians are consulted for swelling of angle of mandible which needs to be corrected for cosmetic reasons. Although it is tempting to produce malocclusions, bruxism, clenching, temporomandibular joint disorders, the etiology in majority of the cases are unknown. The purpose of this review is to have a discussion on the effects of masseter muscle on craniofacial morphology, its implication in different types of malocclusion and contemporary orthodontic management and stability.