Massaranduba Sawdust: A Potential Source of Charcoal and Activated Carbon

Abstract

This paper provides proof of concept that activated carbon (AC) may be readily produced using limited conversion methods and resources from sawdust of massaranduba (Manilkara huberi) wood, thereby obtaining value-added products. Sawdust was sieved and heat-treated in an oxygen-free muffle furnace at 500 °C to produce charcoal. The charcoal was activated in a tubular electric furnace at 850 °C while being purged with CO2 gas. Microstructural, thermal and physical properties of the three components: sawdust, charcoal and AC were compared by means of field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), X-ray diffractometry (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), density and water adsorption/desorption measurements. The resulting AC had a large surface area as measured by Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) comparable to other such values found in the literature. The large surface area was due to pore development at the microstructural level as shown by FESEM. XRD illustrated that sawdust had a semi-crystalline structure whereas charcoal and AC evidenced mostly amorphous structures. TGA and DSC showed that AC had high reactivity to moisture compared to sawdust and charcoal.

Ferrocene anchored activated carbon as a versatile catalyst for the synthesis of 1,5-benzodiazepines via one-pot environmentally benign conditions

“…Further, the peaks at 997 and 809 cm À1 appeared in the FT-IR spectrum of FC/AC relating to the out of-plane vibration of cyclopentadiene moiety of ferrocene. 40,41 Additionally, a peak at 474 cm À1 corresponds to the stretching vibration due to the asymmetric ring metal. 40 These peaks can be clearly observed in the nger print region (Fig.…”

“…40,41 Additionally, a peak at 474 cm À1 corresponds to the stretching vibration due to the asymmetric ring metal. 40 These peaks can be clearly observed in the nger print region (Fig. 1(b)) and are characteristic peaks corresponding to the presence of ferrocene.…”

Rational competent electrocatalytic oxygen evolution reaction on stable tailored ternary MoO 3 ‐NiO‐activated carbon hybrid catalyst

“…24 Whereas, the final weight loss between 600 C and 1000 C was observed due to the initial decomposition of molybdenum oxide phase. 25 No further weight loss was observed after 800 C, suggesting the good thermal stability of the assynthesized MoNiAC ternary hybrid catalyst.…”

Preparation, characterization, and performance of activated carbon for CO2 adsorption from CI engine exhaust

“…It provides information about the physical and chemical properties of the material as a function of temperature. 34 It can be observed from the figure 6 (ii) that three different stages are as follows: (a) glass transition stage at 80°C, (b) crystallization peak at 145°C, and (c) thermal melting peak at 495°C. The results obtained from this method indicate that the activated carbon sample has moderate heat flow due to its large surface area and enriched carbonaceous structure.…”

“…It provides information about the physical and chemical properties of the material as a function of temperature 34 . It can be observed from the figure 6 (ii) that three different stages are as follows: (a) glass transition stage at 80°C, (b) crystallization peak at 145°C, and (c) thermal melting peak at 495°C.…”