Mass transport in reverse electrodialysis for sustainable energy generation

Długołęcki, Piotr

doi:10.3990/1.9789036529280

Cited by 13 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 11 publications

(69 reference statements)

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“…On the other hand, acoustic streaming reduces the thickness of the Nernstd iffusion layer.H eterogeneities at the membrane surface can provide additional mixing in the diffusion boundaryl ayer due to hydrodynamic instability. [42] At higher concentration of an electrolyte ultrasound exhibits stronger effects on the membrane potential, transport number and permselectivity due to higherc oncentration polarization.Atlower concentration of an electrolyte ultrasound propagation becomes more pronounced, as it creates higher turbulent flows towards the membrane surface. These can prevent co-ion percolation throughout the membrane and improvethe membrane selectivity.…”

Section: High-frequency Ultrasound and Magnetic Stirringmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrasonic Mastering of Filter Flow and Antifouling of Renewable Resources

Radziuk

Möhwald

2016

ChemPhysChem

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Abstract:Inadequate access to purify water and sanitation requires new ergonomic methods at lower cost, less energy consumption, minimal use of chemicals and impact on the environment. Among them ultrasound is a unique means to control physics and chemistry of complex fluid (wastewater) with excellent performance in mass transfer, cleaning and disinfection. In membrane filtration processes it overcomes diffusion limits and can accelerate the fluid flow towards the filter preventing antifouling. Here we outline the current state of knowledge and technological design with the focus on physico-chemical strategies of ultrasound for water cleaning. We highlight important parameters of ultrasound for the delivery of fluid flow from a technical perspective employing principles of physics and chemistry. By introducing various ultrasonic methods involving bubbles or cavitation in combination with external fields we show advancements in flow acceleration and mass transportation to the filter. In most of them we emphasize the main role of streaming and impact of cavitation with a perspective to prevent and remove fouling deposits during the flow. We also elaborate on the deficiencies of present technology and on problems to be solved to achieve a wide spread application.

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Section: High-frequency Ultrasound and Magnetic Stirringmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrasonic Mastering of Filter Flow and Antifouling of Renewable Resources

Radziuk

Möhwald

2016

ChemPhysChem

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“…Pressure retarded osmosis and reverse electrodialysis (RED) are the two famous SGE methods [4]. Pressure retarded osmosis and reverse electrodialysis (RED) are the two famous SGE methods [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…where ΔS mix ¼ ÀR∑ i x i lnx i , subscript c represents concentrated salt water, subscript d represents diluted salt water, subscript b represents brackish salt water, n is the number of moles, T is temperature (K), ΔS mix is the mixing entropy molar (J/mol K), R is the universal gas constant (8.314 J/mol K), and x is the mole fraction of component i (i = Na, Cl, H 2 O). Pressure retarded osmosis and reverse electrodialysis (RED) are the two famous SGE methods [4]. Compared with pressure retarded osmosis, RED has some advantages including ease of scale up and scale down and can be operated at low pressure and ambient temperature, and the generated power density and energy recovery are greater when run at an estuary [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental study of the natural organic matters effect on the power generation of reverse electrodialysis

Susanto

Fitrianingtyas

Samsudin

et al. 2017

Int. J. Energy Res.

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Summary In this paper, the effect of natural organic matters (NOMs), which are typically present in river and seawater, on the power generation of reverse electrodialysis was studied. Bovine serum albumin, humic acid, and sodium alginate were used as models of NOMs. A NOM model was added to concentrated salt water, diluted salt water, and/or both of them. Power density was used to measure the resulted power generation. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscope were used to characterize the presence of NOMs on the membrane surfaces. The effect of NOMs on the generated power density was clearly observed. This effect was influenced by the NOM's type, the NOMs concentration, and the compartment in which NOMs are added. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscope data confirmed that NOMs are deposited on both anion and cation exchange membrane surfaces. While all NOMs added to concentrated salt water did not influence the generated power density, different power density behavior was resulted from the different NOMs added to diluted salt water, where NOMs could increase or decrease or remain the generated power density. Thus, besides NOM's type, the salt concentration is very critical to determine the effect of NOMs on the generated power density. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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“…On the other hand, mobile counterions (Na + ) are able to permeate in the matrix as they are attracted by the fixed groups mainly due to Coulomb forces. This is the principle of the Donnan exclusion (17,70,74,76).…”

Section: Ion-exchange Membranesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The concentration profile is illustrated in Figure 9 (b). The charge density gradient and the ion concentration gradient between the solution and the membrane create fluxes in opposite directions until the establishment of an equilibrium state (17,70,74,76). The principle of the Donnan equilibrium settles that, when the equilibrium is reached, the electrochemical potential of an ion in the solution phase must be equal to its electrochemical potential in the membrane phase (74) according to Equation 9.…”

Section: Ion-exchange Membranesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Treatment of a cyanide-free copper electroplating solution by electrodialysis: study of ion transport and evaluation of water and inputs recovery

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The two most common commercial copper baths are the acid sulfate copper bath and the alkaline cyanide copper bath. Alkaline copper baths are mostly used to coat parts with complex geometry and to avoid galvanic deposition when depositing a metal on a less noble substrate. Because of the toxicity of cyanide compounds, alternative baths have been developed using different complexing agents. The starting point of the present study is a cyanide-free strike bath developed for copper plating on Zamak substrates developed by the Institute for Technological Research of the State of São Paulo/ Brazil. The replacement of a raw material such as cyanide must be economically advantageous and technically feasible. Therefore, this study intended to propose an alternative to the treatment of liquid wastes from the mentioned bath, aiming at simultaneous water reclamation and chemicals recovery in a closed system. The electrodialysis membrane separation process was studied, using a laboratoryscale system operating with a synthetic solution simulating the rinsing waters from the HEDP-based bath. The feasibility of the technique was evaluated by analyzing operational parameters such as ion extraction, demineralization rate, concentration rate, current efficiency for each anionic specie and average energy consumption. Because HEDP is a chelating agent, the transport of Cu(II)-HEDP chelates through anion-exchange membranes was also evaluated by means of electrochemical methods. Chronopotentiometric and current-voltage curves were constructed for different model solutions containing the same compounds as the original bath. A relation between the presence of chelates in the solutions and the fixed ion exchange group could be established. Lastly, deposition tests were performed using electrolytes containing the recycled inputs and the characteristics of the coatings were analyzed. The results showed that an electrodialysis stack using strongly basic anion-exchange membranes was suitable to produce treated solutions and a concentrate containing the ions from the bath. The concentrate could be added to the copper bath to compensate eventual drag-out losses without affecting the quality of the coatings. Thus, the application of electrodialysis was shown to be a feasible alternative for recovering water and inputs from the evaluated solution, reducing the wastewater generation and saving natural resources.

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Mass transport in reverse electrodialysis for sustainable energy generation

Cited by 13 publications

References 11 publications

Ultrasonic Mastering of Filter Flow and Antifouling of Renewable Resources

Ultrasonic Mastering of Filter Flow and Antifouling of Renewable Resources

Experimental study of the natural organic matters effect on the power generation of reverse electrodialysis

Treatment of a cyanide-free copper electroplating solution by electrodialysis: study of ion transport and evaluation of water and inputs recovery

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