“…The relevance of bubble nucleation for the rate of relevant multiphase processes has been recognized for a couple of technically relevant applications but, so far, not for classical heterogeneous catalysis. In contrast, the gas evolution rate of different electrochemical processes, including hydrogen production in water electrolysis ( 8 , 9 ), gas evolution in aluminum electrolysis ( 10 ), and CO 2 formation in direct methanol fuel cells ( 11 ), has been related to the systems’ ability to nucleate product gas bubbles. Moreover, it has been found that structured surfaces enhancing heterogeneous nucleation provide positive rate effects on the oxygen evolution from hydrogen peroxide ( 12 ) and on boiling processes in heat exchange devices ( 13 , 14 ).…”