Mass Transfer Related to Heterogeneous Combustion of Solid Carbon in the Forward Stagnation Region - Part 2 - Combustion Rate in Special Environments

Combustion Rate of Solid Carbon in the Axisymmetric Stagnation Flowfield Established over a Sphere and/or a Flat Plate

“…It has even been said that mathematical analyses, experimental data acquisition, and physical interpretations have been facilitated by its introduction. Since carbon combustion in the two-dimensional stagnation flow, established over a cylinder, has already been summarized somewhere in a set of review papers [15,16], in which extensive comparisons have been conducted between experimental and theoretical/numerical results, here we confine ourselves to studying carbon combustion in the axisymmetric stagnation flow over a sphere or a flat plate, by comparing experimental data in the literature with theoretical/numerical results, newly obtained. From the practical point of view, we can even say that it simulates the situations of ablative carbon heat-shields and/or the strongly convective carbon burning in the forward stagnation region of a particle.…”

Multidimensional Reacting Flow Simulation with Coupled Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Models

“…collision frequency and activation energy) by measuring carbon mass loss rates. The results of such studies can be seen in reviews [26,27] and recent works [20,28,29]. These studies show that surface temperatures and fluid dynamics affect reacting layers, which is supported by other works, such as Refs.…”

“…The quasi one-dimensional formulation has been used for numerically estimating reacting stagnation flow problems for a variety of applications [36,53,[61][62][63], including carbon surface reactions [17,18,20,26,27]. The formualtion is advantageous as it results…”

“…It should be noted that, even though deviations between two dimensional and quasi one-dimensional results increased with increase in velocity, the general trends of CO 2 reaction layer thickness were still comparable between the two-dimensional and one-dimensional results. Therefore, the quasi-one dimensional results where velocity was changed must be examined with the caveat that the predictions are general expectations and may or may not support the actual two-dimensional experiment due to the deviations with increased error metrics with increased velocity (see The internal graph in Figure 4.7a shows the change in mass loss rate due to this change in velocity, which responds to the CO 2 flame presence [26,27]. At velocities greater than 80 m/s the mass loss rate ceases to change and CO 2 presence is minimal.…”