Mass transfer processes of a hydrate-covered deep CO2 lake

Gust, G.; Meyer, Andreas; Koepke, Daniel; Eggers, R.

doi:10.1016/j.ijggc.2012.04.010

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Figure 6 shows an approximately linear relationship between the calculated masstransfer coefficient and the velocity of water flow. The CO 2 mass transfer coefficient at the W/H interface in the flow velocity ranges of 0−0.1 m/s can be expressed as K g,w = 6 × 10 −5 u x + 2.21 × 10 −6 , agreeing well with the measured results of about 8.6 × 10 −7 −3.2 × 10 −5 m/s reported by Gust et al 43 The solubility of carbon dioxide in liquid water in the presence and absence of hydrates can be determined by the widely accepted thermodynamics-based prediction method of CSMGem. 44 As for other parameters related to hydrate pore property, we refer to the measured and simulated values provided by Mori and Mochizuki, 22 Turner et al, 24 and Sun et al 30 Substituting the above characteristic parameters and experimental data from Abe et al 42 into eq 21, the pore updating efficiency (γ con ) at different flow velocities can be estimated.…”

Section: Determination Of Key Parameters In the Modelsupporting

confidence: 89%

New Mass-Transfer Model for Predicting Hydrate Film Thickness at the Gas–Liquid Interface under Different Thermodynamics–Hydrodynamics-Saturation Conditions

et al. 2019

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The accurate prediction of hydrate film thickness is critical for addressing the hydrate-related issues in the fields of environment and energy resource, including the disposal of greenhouse gases into the ocean, evaluating the rising lifetime of bubble plumes in deepwater, and flow assurance problems in subsea pipelines. However, the microscopic mass-transfer mechanism in the existing hydrate film growth models has not been thoroughly studied, especially in the pore updating inside the hydrate film. In this work, an integrated mechanistic model of hydrate film growth at the gas–liquid interface is developed. Multiple mass-transfer behaviors that potentially control the thickening growth of hydrate film are considered: (i) gas diffusion and water permeation through the hydrate film; (ii) substance dissipation along the hydrate pore channels; and (iii) gas transfer between the water/hydrate interface and the surrounding fluid. In the new model, a characteristic parameter is introduced to evaluate the pore updating efficiency, which is determined by correlating with the published experimental data. Based on the numerical solution of unsteady convection diffusion equation, the gas concentration distribution in the flowing water around the hydrate film is obtained, and the mass transfer coefficients at different flow velocities are estimated correspondingly. Using the proposed model, the dynamic evolution rules of hydrate film growth at two specific conditions are investigated. The model predictions for hydrate film steady-state thickness show a good agreement with the measured results from the literature. Further, a sensitivity analysis on the growing thickness of hydrate film is performed with various influencing factors, which involves system subcooling, water flow velocity, and dissolved gas concentration in liquid water. Eventually, a case study for the scenario of the spatial and temporal changes in film thickness on a rising methane bubble in Monterey Bay Canyon is carried out. This work provides new insights into the interphase mass-transfer characteristics for hydrate dynamic growth and can serve as a useful reference for predicting the hydrate film thickness.

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Section: Determination Of Key Parameters In the Modelsupporting

confidence: 89%

New Mass-Transfer Model for Predicting Hydrate Film Thickness at the Gas–Liquid Interface under Different Thermodynamics–Hydrodynamics-Saturation Conditions

et al. 2019

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“…Droplet size distributions in subsea oil jets were measured in an adapted high-pressure test rig within a 99-L steel autoclave which was applied to generate the deep-sea conditions for the experiments. To carry out the experiments, an existing test rig was transformed from a mobile, mostly manually operated lab placed inside a 20-ft. container into a stationary research facility with fully automated control systems (see Supporting Information S-1).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To quantify the effects of dissolved gases on the droplet size distribution, experiments with downscaled hydrocarbon blowouts under artificial deep-sea conditions (150 bar hydrostatic pressure) were performed in a laboratory environment based on a test rig by Gust et al Jets of purely liquid oils were compared to jets where the oil has been previously saturated with methane. This setup is analogous to the concept of “live” and “dead” oil as presented by Ahmed where “live oil” describes a crude oil as it exists in the reservoir, i.e.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oil Droplet Size Distributions in Deep-Sea Blowouts: Influence of Pressure and Dissolved Gases

Malone

Pesch

Schlüter

et al. 2018

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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To date, experimental investigations to determine the droplet size distribution (DSD) of subsea oil spills were mostly conducted at surface conditions, i.e. at atmospheric pressure, and with dead, i.e. purely liquid, oils. To investigate the influence of high hydrostatic pressure and of gases dissolved in the oil on the DSD, experiments with a downscaled blowout are conducted in a high-pressure autoclave at 150 bar hydrostatic pressure. Jets of "live", i.e. methane-saturated, crude oil and n-decane are compared to jets of "dead" hydrocarbon liquids in artificial seawater. Experiments show that methane dissolved in the liquid oil increases the volume median droplet diameter significantly by up to 97%. These results are not in good accordance with state-of-the-art drop formation models, which are based on oil-only experiments at atmospheric pressure, and therefore show the need for a modification of such models which incorporates effects of hydrostatic pressure and dissolved gases for the modeling of deep-sea oil spills and blowouts.

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Behavior of Rising Droplets and Bubbles: Impact on the Physics of Deep-Sea Blowouts and Oil Fate

et al. 2019

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Mass transfer processes of a hydrate-covered deep CO2 lake

Cited by 3 publications

References 24 publications

New Mass-Transfer Model for Predicting Hydrate Film Thickness at the Gas–Liquid Interface under Different Thermodynamics–Hydrodynamics-Saturation Conditions

New Mass-Transfer Model for Predicting Hydrate Film Thickness at the Gas–Liquid Interface under Different Thermodynamics–Hydrodynamics-Saturation Conditions

Oil Droplet Size Distributions in Deep-Sea Blowouts: Influence of Pressure and Dissolved Gases

Behavior of Rising Droplets and Bubbles: Impact on the Physics of Deep-Sea Blowouts and Oil Fate

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