Mass transfer during the removal of dissolved heavy metals from wastewater flows in fluidized beds of ion exchange resins

Abstract

A fluidized bed of cation exchange resin was used for the removal of cupric ions from a simulated wastewater effluent consisting of copper sulphate solution. Variables investigated were: superficial liquid velocity, particle diameter, bed height and copper sulphate concentration. These variables were studied with respect to their effect on the solid-liquid mass transfer coefficient. The coefficient was found to increase with increasing superficial liquid velocity. Increasing particle diameter, bed height and copper sulphate concentration were found to reduce the mass transfer coefficient. The experimental data can be correlated by the equation Sh = 0.85Rey.54 Sc0.33 , valid for the following conditions: 0.23<Re,<2.27; 0.52<&<0.87; 0.0127<dp/d< 0.0417 and 0.0095 < dp/L < 0.125.

Binary Liquid-Phase Mass Transport in Mixed-Bed Ion Exchange at Low Solute Concentration

“…Gilliland and Baddour, 19 Selke et al, 20 Moison and O'Hern, 22 Frisch and Kunin, 2 Rao and David, 26 Turner et al, 41 Kataoka et al, 42 Miyauchi et al, 32 Koloini et al, 8 Rahman and Streat, 9 Ohashi et al, 36 Harries and Ray, 43 Kikuchi et al, 37 McNulty et al, 44 and Zarraa 38 have mass-transfer experiments using ionexchange resins. Frisch and Kunin, 2 Harries, 43 and McNulty et al 44 have studied MBIE mass transfer using low influent concentrations of sodium chloride (around 2 × 10 -4 N or less); mass-transfer data at these concentration ranges are the main interest of this study.…”

“…Numerous experimental investigations and a wide range of empirical mass-transfer correlations for packed beds are available in the literature. McCune and Wilhelm, Gaffney and Drew, Evans and Gerald, Gilliland and Baddour, Selke et al, Bar-Ilan and Resnick, Moison and O'Hern, Carberry, Frisch and Kunin, Williamson et al, Pfeffer, Rao and David, Wilson and Geankoplis, Kunii and Suzuki, Karabelas et al, Kataoka et al, Levins and Glastonbury, Nelson and Galloway, Miyauchi et al, Appel and Newman, Novak, Dwivedi and Upadhyay, Koloini et al, Wakao and Funazkri, Rahman and Streat, Ohashi et al, Kikuchi et al, Zarraa, and Livingstone and Nobel are some of the authors who have correlated mass-transfer data. The purpose of this section is not intended to present all mass-transfer correlations available in the literature; however, correlations that included ion-exchange experiment data and those that included dispersion analysis have been considered in this work.…”

Recovery of Copper from Effluents by Cementation on Aluminum in a Multirotating Cylinder-Agitated Vessel

“…[1] Due to its cost, it is incentive to recover it from waste solutions. There are many technologies involving chemical and physical processes which have been developed over the past years to remove hazardous metal ions, such as chemical precipitation, [2,3] adsorption, [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] ion exchange, [13,14] electrochemical technique, [15][16][17] , and membrane processes, [18][19][20] ; however, all of them have drawbacks. Chemical precipitation requires extremely long settling time and produces a large amount of sludge; ion exchange and adsorption are expensive and require frequent regeneration; and membrane processes suffer from operational problems due to fouling of membranes which can be reduced by several approaches, e.g., by feed pretreatment and treatment of the membrane surface.…”

Modelling of heavy metals adsorption to a chelating resin in a fluidized bed reactor

“…For shallow beds, the solid behaviour corresponds to that of a CSTR. Several authors [2,12,[19][20][21] consider a complete mixing of the solid phase, while the liquid phase is modelized by a plug flow (plug flow model with back mixing of the solid).…”