Mass Spectrometry Imaging of Low-Molecular-Weight Phenols Liberated from Plastics

Abstract

The abundant and heterogeneous distribution of toxic phenol from plastics has drawn worldwide attention. However, the common analysis methods failed to identify the accurate species of these phenolic hazards from plastics in a direct and nondestructive approach. Herein, we demonstrate the layered double hydroxides (LDHs) as a novel matrix in matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI-MSI) for low-molecular-weight phenols leaked from plastics. LDHs own abundant hydroxyl groups to facilitate chemoselectivity and ionization of phenols through the formation of hydrogen bonds with these phenols. More importantly, the LDH matrix could provide a distinguishable signal for the homolog and isomeride of these phenolic hazards. The developed method could realize nondestructive and in situ mapping of phenolic hazards in plastics. Our success could help to track the lowmolecular-weight compounds liberated from plastics and supply spatial information for polluted plastics. We anticipated that the proposed approach could provide sufficient information to evaluate and alarm the safety of food packaging plastics.

Characterization Techniques of Polymer Aging: From Beginning to End

“…(B) MALDI-TOF MS images of the distribution for bisphenol A, 2-phenyl-2-phenolpropane, and 2,2-diphenylpropane from epoxy resin films under thermal treatment at 130 °C. Reproduced with permission from ref . Copyright 2021 American Chemical Society.…”

“…To implement detection toward these low-molecular-weight analytes by MALDI-MS technique, efforts were usually limited due to the low stability of the traditional organic matrix and complicated MS spectra with multiple interferences. To solve this problem, the authors of this review have performed an in situ MALDI-MS imaging strategy for the hazardous phenols from aged epoxy resin film employing layered double hydroxides (LDHs) as a novel matrix . LDHs possessed abundant hydroxyl groups to interact with phenol analytes, and phenols could be selectively ionized for MALDI detection in the absence of a dissolution and separation process.…”

“…To solve this problem, the authors of this review have performed an in situ MALDI-MS imaging strategy for the hazardous phenols from aged epoxy resin film employing layered double hydroxides (LDHs) as a novel matrix. 275 LDHs possessed abundant hydroxyl groups to interact with phenol analytes, and phenols could be selectively ionized for MALDI detection in the absence of a dissolution and separation process. Good linearity could be acquired for the quantification of bisphenol A assisted by the LDH matrix.…”

Pt/NiFe-LDH hybrids for quantification and qualification of polyphenols

“…Benefitting from the high absorption and large surface area, LDH can serve as a carrier material in nanozymes for colorimetric analysis and matrices for LDI MS [ 22 ]. Importantly, the abundance of hydroxyl groups on LDH allows for the selective trapping of hydroxyl-containing molecules, such as polyphenols [ 27 ]. Hence, the hybrid composites, comprising these two building blocks, hold promise for developing an integrated platform for polyphenol detection, by combining their individual strengths and synergistic effects.…”

Conceptual Design and Development of an Environment-Friendly Process for Simultaneous Extraction of Phenol and Naphthalene Compounds from Tar

“…Many of these compounds can be separated for further utilization. For instance, phenolic compounds are widely used in the production of medicines, – dyes, , plastics, phenolic resins, – pesticides, disinfectants, and other chemical products. – Additionally, naphthalene compounds are raw materials in the production of synthetic resins, plasticizers, rubber antioxidants, surfactants, synthetic fibers, dyes, medicines, and spices.…”