Mass Spectrometry-Based Metabolite Profiling in the Mouse Liver following Exposure to Ultraviolet B Radiation

Abstract

Although many studies have been performed on the effects of ultraviolet (UV) radiation on the skin, only a limited number of reports have investigated these effects on non-skin tissue. This study aimed to describe the metabolite changes in the liver of hairless mice following chronic exposure to UVB radiation. We did not observe significant macroscopic changes or alterations in hepatic cholesterol and triglyceride levels in the liver of UVB-irradiated mice, compared with those for normal mice. In this study, we detected hepatic metabolite changes by UVB exposure and identified several amino acids, fatty acids, nucleosides, carbohydrates, phospholipids, lysophospholipids, and taurine-conjugated cholic acids as candidate biomarkers in response to UVB radiation in the mouse liver by using various mass spectrometry (MS)-based metabolite profiling including ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight (TOF)-MS, gas chromatography-TOF-MS and nanomate LTQ-MS. Glutamine exhibited the most dramatic change with a 5-fold increase in quantity. The results from altering several types of metabolites suggest that chronic UVB irradiation may impact significantly on major hepatic metabolism processes, despite the fact that the liver is not directly exposed to UVB radiation. MS-based metabolomic approach for determining regulatory hepatic metabolites following UV irradiation will provide a better understanding of the relationship between internal organs and UV light.

An in silico MS/MS library for automatic annotation of novel FAHFA lipids

“…Today, such mass spectral libraries can be created by applying rules of fragmentation patterns on large in silico structure list, as we have previously shown for over 200,000 mass spectra in LipidBlast [ 2 ] for twenty-six common lipid classes such as (lyso) phosphatidylcholines, monogalactosyldiacylglycerols or triacylglycerols. LipidBlast itself has been applied for the annotation of lipids in mouse liver [ 3 ], rat urine/serum [ 4 ] and in various algae species [ 5 , 6 ], demonstrating that this strategy enables rapid annotation of many molecular species from mass spectra [ 7 ]. LipidBlast templates use heuristic information of MS/MS fragmentation patterns to extend the range of in silico predicted mass spectra that can be used to discover species of novel lipid classes.…”

microRNA and Metabolite Signatures Linked to Early Consequences of Lethal Radiation

“…Metabolomics is a powerful tool to study post-radiation changes in metabolism and bioenergetics even before the onset of clinical symptoms and can augment triage of an exposed population in real-life scenarios 19,20 . Past metabolomics analysis investigated mouse 21 and rat 22 urine, rat plasma 23 , and mouse livers 24,25 . In 2013, we reported for the first time radiation-induced metabolite changes in the GI tissues of mice using ultraperformance liquid chromatography (UPLC) coupled with Time-of-flight mass spectrometry (TOF-MS) 20 .…”

The Effect of Bioactive Component of Turmeric (curcumin) on Liver Complications - Induced by Compact Fluorescent Lamps (CFLs) in Rats

“…Because the CFLs, emits ultraviolet radiation spatially UVA, UVB and even UVC (1,4). Many studies have shown that UV radiation can cause DNA damage, cellular aging, oxidative damage, production of free radicals, and tumor formation (2,15). A recent study reported that UV radiation changes oxidative stressrelated biomarker in the liver (11) due to the fact that the oxidative stress is due to over production of reactive oxygen species that can induce oxidative damage to vital cellular molecules and structures (24).…”

“…Our previous study showed that UVB and UVA emitted by CFLs increased the level of serum ALT, AST, and cholesterol, as well as appearance changes of liver in wistar rats (not published). The liver is the largest solid organ of the body and plays a crucial role in humans and animals lives due to the fact that it performs numerous essential tasks including: regulates the levels of most chemicals in the blood, excretes bile, detoxifies harmful compounds, and supports the function of other organs in the body, thus helping homeostasis (13)(14)(15).…”