Mass spectrometry and associated technologies delineate the advantageously biomedical capacity of siderophores in different pathogenic contexts

Abstract

Siderophores are chemically diverse small molecules produced by microorganisms for chelation of irons to maintain their survival and govern some important biological functions, especially those cause that infections in hosts. Still, siderophores can offer new insight into a better understanding of the diagnosis and treatments of infectious diseases from the siderophore biosynthesis and regulation perspective. Thus, this review aims to summarize the biomedical value and applicability of siderophores in pathogenic contexts by briefly reviewing mass spectrometry (MS)-based chemical biology and translational applications that involve diagnosis, pathogenesis, and therapeutic discovery for a variety of infectious conditions caused by different pathogens. We highlight the advantages and disadvantages of siderophore discovery and applications in pathogenic contexts. Finally, we propose a panel of new and promising strategy as precision-modification metabolomics method, to rapidly advance the discovery of and translational innovations pertaining to these value compounds in broad biomedical niches. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Mass Spec Rev XX:XX-XX, 2018.

Precision-targeted metabolomics method characterizes differential metabolomes in multiple-biological matrixes and cell-mitochondria

“…In terms of untargeted metabolomics always fails to precisely identify differential metabolites due to the undeveloped mass spectrometry database, and the limitations in the availability reference compounds 7,8 . Targeted metabolomics is being prevalent and welcomed by the scientific community, which allows us to further explore the biochemical functions and mechanisms of dysregulated metabolism by engaging in functional experiments with the available reference compounds 9,10 . Therefore, if we can establish a targeted metabolomics method with wide-coverage to important metabolites that is supposed to promote innovations in life sciences 11,12, 13 .…”

“…However, untargeted metabolomics has obviously scientific limitations, particularly the precise-identification of differential metabolites is the greatest challenge that mostly impedes further decipher altered metabolism associated biological functions. To overcome this deficiency, some scientists recently attempt to develop targeted metabolomics method using the available reference compounds involved in many key-metabolic pathways, and further functional researches on regulatory genes and biosynthetic enzymes can help precisely interrogate the biochemical mechanisms underlying the altered metabolism 9,10 . Developing high-throughput LC-MS based targeted metabolomics method to large-scale analysis of the known metabolomes that is likely to be of great value to the investigation of life sciences 11,12,18 .…”

Cell Metabolomics Reveals Berberine-Inhibited Pancreatic Cancer Cell Viability and Metastasis by Regulating Citrate Metabolism

“…Metabolomics is a new systems biology-driven omics method that can be used to determine metabolic modifications and modulations induced by interactions during the progression of specific diseases, drug treatments, and genetic modifications. , Recently, metabolomics has been broadly used to address a diversity of key questions in the biomedical niche involving the identification of bioactive natural compounds, , annotation of disease pathogenic processes, , and exploration of new drug targets . To understand the biochemical significance of metabolic regulation in different diseases in-depth, the scientific community is currently making the switch from the fundamental use of metabolomics for metabolic phenotypic characterization to embracing functional annotation, which is generally defined as functional metabolomics .…”

“…Metabolomics is a new systems biology-driven omics method that can be used to determine metabolic modifications and modulations induced by interactions during the progression of specific diseases, drug treatments, and genetic modifications. , Recently, metabolomics has been broadly used to address a diversity of key questions in the biomedical niche involving the identification of bioactive natural compounds, , annotation of disease pathogenic processes, , and exploration of new drug targets . To understand the biochemical significance of metabolic regulation in different diseases in-depth, the scientific community is currently making the switch from the fundamental use of metabolomics for metabolic phenotypic characterization to embracing functional annotation, which is generally defined as functional metabolomics . Cancer progression and metastasis always incur substantial metabolic costs, and there are data to show that some metabolic pathways are mostly regulated by oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes, especially genes located in the Ras-Raf-MAPK pathway, which are closely associated with PDAC. ,− Thus, functional metabolomics is expected to be useful for determining the mechanisms of the metabolic responses of pancreatic cancer regulated by the oncogenes.…”

“…45 To understand the biochemical significance of metabolic regulation in different diseases in-depth, the scientific community is currently making the switch from the fundamental use of metabolomics for metabolic phenotypic characterization to embracing functional annotation, which is generally defined as functional metabolomics. 40 Cancer progression and metastasis always incur substantial metabolic costs, and there are data to show that some metabolic pathways are mostly regulated by oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes, especially genes located in the Ras-Raf-MAPK pathway, which are closely associated with PDAC. 12,46−48 Thus, functional metabolomics is expected to be useful for determining the mechanisms of the metabolic responses of pancreatic cancer regulated by the oncogenes.…”