Mass spectrometric investigations on the release of inorganic species during gasification and combustion of German hard coals

Bläsing, Marc; Müller, Michael

doi:10.1016/j.combustflame.2010.01.003

Cited by 64 publications

(77 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…The strong correlations among OC, EC, NO − 3 , NH + 4 and Cl − at DBT indicated that the OC and EC that emitted from residential coal combustion could quickly accelerate secondary formation of NO − 3 , NH + 4 and Cl − via heterogeneous or multiphase reactions of NO x , NH 3 and HCl. It has been verified that they are emitted from residential coal combustion Shapiro et al, 2007;Bläsing and Müller, 2010;Meng et al, 2011;Zhang et al, 2013;Gao et al, 2015;Li et al, 2016a;Huang et al, 2016). The interrelation for the three types of significant correlations at WD, BD and BJ implied that complex sources including local emissions and regional transportation were dominant for atmospheric species in the cities.…”

Section: Correlations Among the Species In Pm 25mentioning

confidence: 94%

The contribution of residential coal combustion to atmospheric PM<sub>2. 5</sub> in northern China during winter

et al. 2017

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Abstract. A vast area in northern China, especially during wintertime, is currently suffering from severe haze events due to the high levels of atmospheric PM 2.5 . To recognize the reasons for the high levels of PM 2.5 , daily samples of PM 2.5 were simultaneously collected at the four sampling sites of Beijing city (BJ), Baoding city (BD), Wangdu county (WD) and Dongbaituo (DBT) during the winter and spring of [2014][2015] at DBT than at WD, BD and BJ during the winter of 2015 indicated that the pollutants in the rural area were not due to transportation from neighbouring cities but dominated by local emissions. As the distinct source of atmospheric OC and EC in the rural area, the residential coal combustion also made a contribution to secondary inorganic ions through the emissions of their precursors (NO x , SO 2 , NH 3 and HCl) as well as heterogeneous or multiphase reactions on the surface of OC and EC. The average mass proportions of OC, EC, NO − 3 and SO 2− 4 at BD and WD were found to be very close to those at DBT, but were evidently different from those at BJ, implying that the pollutants in the cities of WD and BD, which are fully surrounded by the countryside, were strongly affected by the residential coal combustion. The OC / EC ratios at the four sampling sites were almost the same value (4.8) when the concentrations of PM 2.5 were greater than 150 µg m −3 , suggesting that the residential coal combustion could also make a dominant contribution to atmospheric PM 2.5 at BJ during the severe pollution period when the air parcels were usually from southwest-south regions, where a high density of farmers reside. The evident increase in the number of the species involved in significant correlations (p < 0.05) from the countryside to the cities further confirmed that residential coal combustion was the dominant source of key species in the rural area. However, the complex sources including local emissions and regional transportation were responsible for the atmospheric species in the cities. Strong correlations among OC, EC, Cl − , NO − . Based on the chemical mass closure (CMC) method, the contributions of the primary particle emission from residential coal combustion to atmospheric PM 2.5 at BJ, BD, WD and DBT were estimated to be 32, 49, 43 and 58 %, respectively.

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Section: Correlations Among the Species In Pm 25mentioning

confidence: 94%

The contribution of residential coal combustion to atmospheric PM<sub>2. 5</sub> in northern China during winter

et al. 2017

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“…Therefore, the fuel is better if it is present a lower proportion of K and Na [76,80]. Furthermore, during combustion, volatile elements such as Cl may form submicron particles condensing as salts which, with the presence of high temperatures, can cause K and Si to form sticky deposits in the combustion chamber [81,82]. Together with Cl and S, K and Na play a major role in corrosion mechanisms.…”

Section: Macro and Micro Elementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Harvest Season on the Fuel Properties of Sida hermaphrodita (L.) Rusby Biomass as Solid Biofuel

et al. 2018

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Biomass obtained from cultivated energy crops is one of the raw materials with the highest potential in renewable energy production. Although such biomass can be used in production of lignocellulose bioethanol, it is currently mostly used as solid fuel for generating heat and/or electric energy via combustion processes. Calorific values, proximate and ultimate analysis, cell structure and micro- and macro-elements data are considered as basic parameters in the valorization of fuel properties during biomass combustion processes. Energy crops are cultivated with the aim to produce the largest possible quantity of biomass with minimal agro-technical inputs. One of these crops is Sida hermaphrodita (L.) Rusby. Given the fact that the chemical composition of biomass is influenced by a number of agro-ecological and agro-technical factors, the aim of this work was to determine the fuel properties of Sida hermaphrodita biomass obtained from three different harvest seasons (autumn, winter and spring) and cultivated in the area of the Republic of Croatia. On the basis of these investigations it was possible to conclude that harvest delaying towards spring season had a positive impact on suitability of using biomass of Sida hermaphrodita in the combustion process, which primarily means significant lowering the contents of moisture (18.64%), ash (1.94%), and nitrogen (0.65%), but also means increasing the contents of fixed carbon (6.21%) and lignin (25.45%).

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“…Therefore, we cannot continue to use only highly graded coal for energy production [1,2]. Several studies have recently examined the potential of using low graded coal as well as evaluating other alternative fuel such as biomass, sludge, peat except coal are also made [3][4][5]. When burning coal, air pollutants are generated including the emission of NOx, SOx, PM [6][7][8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…However, for thermal power plants, the problem is not only the emission of air pollutants but also release of alkali materials including NaCl and KCl which can corrode the power plants, deactivate the SCR process (catalyst) and poison the dust collector [9][10][11][12]. Generally such alkali materials adhere to the metallic surface of facilities and can cause corrosion, slagging and fouling, which can shorten the service life of equipment and devices [3,4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Release of potassium and sodium species during combustion of various rank coals, biomass, sludge and peats

Kim

Kang

Lee

et al. 2012

Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry

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Mass spectrometric investigations on the release of inorganic species during gasification and combustion of German hard coals

Cited by 64 publications

References 30 publications

The contribution of residential coal combustion to atmospheric PM<sub>2. 5</sub> in northern China during winter

The contribution of residential coal combustion to atmospheric PM<sub>2. 5</sub> in northern China during winter

Effect of Harvest Season on the Fuel Properties of Sida hermaphrodita (L.) Rusby Biomass as Solid Biofuel

Release of potassium and sodium species during combustion of various rank coals, biomass, sludge and peats

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Mass spectrometric investigations on the release of inorganic species during gasification and combustion of German hard coals

Cited by 64 publications

References 30 publications

The contribution of residential coal combustion to atmospheric PM&lt;sub&gt;2. 5&lt;/sub&gt; in northern China during winter

The contribution of residential coal combustion to atmospheric PM&lt;sub&gt;2. 5&lt;/sub&gt; in northern China during winter

Effect of Harvest Season on the Fuel Properties of Sida hermaphrodita (L.) Rusby Biomass as Solid Biofuel

Release of potassium and sodium species during combustion of various rank coals, biomass, sludge and peats

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The contribution of residential coal combustion to atmospheric PM<sub>2. 5</sub> in northern China during winter

The contribution of residential coal combustion to atmospheric PM<sub>2. 5</sub> in northern China during winter