In the production of solar grade silicon by metallurgical route the distribution of B and P between slags and liquid silicon is the most important key issue. The equilibrium and thermochemistry of reactions between liquid silicon and BaO-SiO 2 slags and up to 10% BaO-containing CaO-BaO-SiO 2 slags is studied through experimental work and using thermodynamic calculations. It is shown that the distribution coefficient of B (L B ) is higher for the CaO-BaO-SiO 2 slags than that for BaO-SiO 2 slags and it is not significantly affected by temperature and composition changes of the slags. In contrast, the distribution coefficient of P (L P ) is higher for BaO-SiO 2 slags than that for the CaO-BaO-SiO 2 slags, and it is higher at lower temperatures. The chemical activities of the dilute solutions of Ba in liquid silicon, and the dilute solutions of B 2 O 3 , P 2 O 5 and BaO in the slags are calculated. Moreover, the reaction mechanisms for B, P, Ba and Ca transport between liquid silicon and the slags are explained.